powderИзвестия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытияPowder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)1997-308X2412-8767НИТУ "МИСИС"10.17073/1997-308X-2025-5-70-79powder-1040Research ArticleНаноструктурированные материалы и функциональные покрытияNanostructured Materials and Functional CoatingsПокрытие из карбида титана для графитовой арматуры высокотемпературных процессовTitanium carbide coating for high-temperature graphite componentshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-7463АфанасьевА. В.Afanas’evА. V.

Алексей Валентинович Афанасьев – к.т.н., доцент, директор Центра микротехнологии и диагностики, вед. науч. сотрудник 

Россия, 197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Проф. Попова, 5

Aleksey V. Afanas’ev – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Director of the Center for Microtechnology and Diagnostics, Leading Research Scientist

5 Prof. Popova Str., Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia

a_afanasjev@mail.ruБыковЮ. О.BykovYu. О.

Юрий Олегович Быков – вед. инженер, сотрудник

Россия, 197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Проф. Попова, 5

Yuri O. Bykov – Leading Engineer

5 Prof. Popova Str., Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia

bykov@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3476-1783ЛебедевА. О.LebedevА. О.

Андрей Олегович Лебедев – д.ф.-м.н., гл. науч. сотрудник, сотрудник

Россия, 197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Проф. Попова, 5

Россия, 194021, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 26

Andrey O. Lebedev – Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Chief Research Scientist

5 Prof. Popova Str., Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia

26 Politekhnicheskaya Str., Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia

aswan61@yandex.ruМарковА. В.MarkovА. V.

Александр Владимирович Марков – инженер, сотрудник

Россия, 197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Проф. Попова, 5

Alexandr V. Markov – Engineer

5 Prof. Popova Str., Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia

sanmarkov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6471-6233ШаренковаН. В.SharenkovaN. V.

Наталья Викторовна Шаренкова – к.т.н. ст. науч. сотрудник 

Россия, 194021, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 26

Natalia V. Sharenkova – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Research Scientist

26 Politekhnicheskaya Str., Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia

natasha.sharenkova@gmail.comЛатниковаН. М.LatnikovaN. M.

Наталья Михайловна Латникова – к.т.н. ст. науч. сотрудник

Россия, 191014, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Парадная, 8

Natalia M. Latnikova – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Research Scientist

8 Paradnaya Str., Saint Petersburg 191014, Russia

LatnikovaN@cniim.spb.ruСанкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет «ЛЭТИ» им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина)РоссияV.I. Ulyanov (Lenin) Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University (LETI)Russian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет «ЛЭТИ» им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина); Физико-технический институт им. А.Ф. Иоффе Российской академии наукРоссияV.I. Ulyanov (Lenin) Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University (LETI); A.F. Ioffe Physical Technical InstituteRussian FederationФизико-технический институт им. А.Ф. Иоффе Российской академии наукРоссияA.F. Ioffe Physical Technical InstituteRussian FederationЦентральный научно-исследовательский институт материалов им. Д.И. МенделееваРоссияD.I. Mendeleev Central Research Institute of MaterialsRussian Federation2025051120251957079Copyright © Афанасьев А.В., Быков Ю.О., Лебедев А.О., Марков А.В., Шаренкова Н.В., Латникова Н.М., 20252025Афанасьев А.В., Быков Ю.О., Лебедев А.О., Марков А.В., Шаренкова Н.В., Латникова Н.М.Afanas’ev А.V., Bykov Y.О., Lebedev А.О., Markov А.V., Sharenkova N.V., Latnikova N.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1040

Покрытия из карбида титана (TiC) создавали на поверхности графитовых изделий посредством дешевого «жидкофазного» способа, включающего нанесение жидкой реакционной смеси на основе TiO2 и ее последующий карботерми­ческий отжиг в вакууме при температуре 1900 °С. В качестве основы для нанесения защитного покрытия выбраны типовые марки конструкционных графитов, используемых в промышленности для создания элементов высокотемпературной графитовой арматуры (ГМЗ, МПГ-6 и И-3).  Полученные поликристаллические пленки карбида титана (структурный тип NaCl) характеризовались ростовой аксиальной текстурой [111] и наличием «температурных» механических напряжений, зависящих от марки графита, вследствие разности температурных коэффициентов линейного расширения между карбидом титана и графитовой основой. Типовые толщины покрытий составляли 10–20 мкм. Графитовые компоненты с покрытием TiC успешно протестированы в условиях высокотемпературного процесса синтеза монокристаллов карбида кремния. Проведена оценка трибологических свойств покрытий. Использование наиболее плотных разновидностей изостатического графита (И-3) является предпочтительным вследствие формирования двумерной плотной структуры защитного слоя на поверхности графита.

Titanium carbide (TiC) coatings were produced on the surface of graphite components using a low-cost liquid-phase technique involving application of a TiO2-based reaction mixture followed by carbothermal annealing in vacuum at 1900 °C. Typical grades of structural graphite (GMZ, MPG-6, and I-3) commonly used in high-temperature graphite assemblies were employed as substrates for the protective coating. The resulting polycrystalline titanium carbide films (NaCl-type structure) exhibited an axial growth texture [111] and thermal stresses that depended on the graphite grade, caused by the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion between titanium carbide and graphite. Typical coating thicknesses ranged from 10 to 20 µm. Graphite components with TiC coatings were successfully tested under high-temperature silicon carbide single-crystal growth conditions. The tribological properties of the coatings were also evaluated. The use of denser grades of isostatic graphite (I-3) is preferable due to the formation of a dense two-dimensional structure of the protective layer on the graphite surface.

оксид титанакарбид титаназащитное покрытиеструктурные характеристикиtitanium oxidetitanium carbideprotective coatingstructural characteristicsАвторы выражают благодарность сотрудникам Международного научно-образовательного центра «BaltTribo-Polytechnic», Института машиностроения, материалов и транспорта Санкт-Петербургского политехнического университета им. Петра Великого за трибологические исследования образцов.The authors express their gratitude to the staff of the International Scientific and Educational Center “BaltTribo-Polytechnic”, Institute of Machinery, Materials, and Transport, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, for conducting the tribological experiments.ReferencesTairov Yu., Lebedev A., Avrov D. The main defects of silicon carbide ingots and epitaxial layers. Saarbrucken: Lambert Academic Publishing, 2016. 76 p.Tairov Yu., Lebedev A., Avrov D. The main defects of silicon carbide ingots and epitaxial layers. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.