powderИзвестия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытияPowder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)1997-308X2412-8767НИТУ "МИСИС"10.17073/1997-308X.2025.573P.1056powder-1056Research ArticleТугоплавкие, керамические и композиционные материалыRefractory, Ceramic, and Composite MaterialsБезвакуумный электродуговой синтез и окислительная стойкость диборида ниобияVacuum-free electric arc synthesis and oxidation resistance of niobium diboridehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-639XВасильеваЮ. З.VassilyevaYu. Z.

Юлия Захаровна Васильева –  к.т.н., науч. сотрудник лаборатории перспективных материалов энергетической отрасли

Россия, 634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 30

Yuliya Z. Vassilyeva – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Researcher of the Laboratory of advanced materials for power industry

30 Lenina Prosp., Tomsk 634050, Russia

yzv1@tpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9765-7695НекляЮ. А.NeklyaYu. A.

Юлия Александровна Некля – инженер лаборатории перспективных материалов энергетической отрасли

Россия, 634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 30

Yuliya A. Neklya – Engineer of the Laboratory of advanced mate­rials for power industry

30 Lenina Prosp., Tomsk 634050, Russia

yan26@tpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-8640-2778БлагининА. Е.BlagininA. E.

Антон Евгеньевич Благинин – техник лаборатории перспективных материалов энергетической отрасли

Россия, 634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 30

Anton E. Blaginin – Technician of the Laboratory of advanced materials for power industry

30 Lenina Prosp., Tomsk 634050, Russia

aeb46@tpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-4445-3510КурдюковА. В.KurdyukovA. V.

Арсений Владимирович Курдюков – техник перспективных материалов энергетической отрасли

Россия, 634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 30

Arseniy V. Kurdyukov – Technician of the Laboratory of advanced materials for power industry

30 Lenina Prosp., Tomsk 634050, Russia

avk307@tpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8447-1309ПакА. Я.PakA. Ya.

Александр Яковлевич Пак – д.т.н., заведующий лабораторией перспективных материалов энергетической отрасли

Россия, 634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 30

Alexander Ya. Pak – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Laboratory of advanced materials for power industry

30 Lenina Prosp., Tomsk 634050, Russia

ayapak@tpu.ruНациональный исследовательский Томский политехнический университетРоссияNational Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityRussian Federation2026161020262037482Copyright © Васильева Ю.З., Некля Ю.А., Благинин А.Е., Курдюков А.В., Пак А.Я., 20262026Васильева Ю.З., Некля Ю.А., Благинин А.Е., Курдюков А.В., Пак А.Я.Vassilyeva Y.Z., Neklya Y.A., Blaginin A.E., Kurdyukov A.V., Pak A.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1056

Керамика на основе переходных металлов обладает рядом уникальных свойств, позволяющих использовать ее во многих приложениях. В настоящей работе предлагается рассмотреть один из материалов данной категории – диборид ниобия (NbB2 ). Этот материал характеризуется высокой температурой плавления, химической стойкостью и тепло­проводностью. В исследовании рассмотрена возможность синтеза NbB2 безвакуумным электродуговым методом, а именно электро­дуговым нагревом в воздушной среде с применением дугового разряда постоянного тока. Особенностью используемой методики является проведение экспериментов в условиях атмосферного давления. На основе серии экспериментов выбрано рекомендуемое атомное соотношение исходных компонентов (ниобия к бору) Nb/B = 1/2,6. В серии, посвященной исследованию влияния длительности помола на состав получаемого продукта NbB2 , был определен предпочтительный режим гомогенизации исходных порошков с использованием планетарной шаровой мельницы: длительность – 3 ч, частота – 400 об/мин. Рекомендуемый режим электродуговой обработки исходного сырья для получения чистой фазы NbB2 соответствует значению удельной подведенной энергии 59,41 кДж/г, что обеспечивается силой тока источника питания 200 А и длительностью поддержания дугового разряда 40 с. Согласно полученным результатам, в образцах присутствует кристаллическая фаза диборида ниобия гексагональной структуры с параметрами решетки a = 3,092 ± 0,004 Å, c = 3,303 ± 0,004 Å. Кроме того, проведены исследования окислительной стойкости полученного порошкового образца путем нагрева в муфельной печи при температуре от 25 до 800 °С. Выявлено, что при температуре 600 °С образец претерпевает окисление с образованием оксидных (Nb2O5 , NbO0,76 ) фаз.

Transition-metal-based ceramics possess a number of unique properties that make them suitable for various applications. One such material is niobium diboride (NbB2 ), which is characterized by a high melting point, chemical resistance, and high thermal conductivity. In this study, the feasibility of synthesizing NbB2 by a vacuum-free electric arc method was investigated. The method involved electric arc heating in ambient air using a direct-current arc discharge at atmospheric pressure. Based on a series of experiments, the recommended atomic ratio of niobium to boron was determined to be Nb:B = 1:2.6. The effect of milling time on the phase composition of the synthesized NbB2 product was also investigated. The preferred conditions for homogenizing the starting powders in a planetary ball mill were established as a milling time of 3 h and a rotational speed of 400 rpm. The recommended electric arc treatment conditions  for producing phase-pure NbB2 corresponded to a specific energy input of 59.41 kJ/g, an arc current of 200 A, and an arc duration of 40 s. A crystalline phase of hexagonal niobium diboride with lattice parameters a = 3.092 ± 0.004 Å and c = 3.303 ± 0.004 Å was identified in the samples. The oxidation resistance of the resulting powder was evaluated by heating it in a muffle furnace over the temperatures range of 25–800 °C. It was found that oxidation occurred at 600 °C, resulting in the formation of Nb2O5 and  NbO0.76 oxide phases.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.