powderИзвестия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытияPowder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)1997-308X2412-8767НИТУ "МИСИС"10.17073/1997-308X-2025-6-27-35powder-1060Research ArticleСамораспространяющийся высокотемпературный синтезSelf-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS)Влияние Si, Al, Cu, Cr и TiSi2 на получение МАХ-фазы Ti3SiC2 методом самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза на воздухеEffect of Si, Al, Cu, Cr, and TiSi2 on the formation of the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase during self-propagating high-temperature synthesis in airhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2050-6899УмеровЭ. Р.UmerovE. R.

Эмиль Ринатович Умеров – к.т.н., вед. науч. сотрудник кафед­ры «Металловедение, порошковая металлургия, наномате­риалы» (МПМН)

Россия, 443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, 244

Emil R. Umerov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher of the Department of metal science, powder metallurgy, nanomaterials (MPMN)

244 Molodogvardeyskaya Str., Samara 443100, Russia

umeroff2017@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-6578-367XКадямовШ. А.KadyamovS. A.

Шамиль Акдасович Кадямов – аспирант кафедры МПМН

Россия, 443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, 244

Shamil A. Kadyamov – Postgraduate Student of the Department of MPMN

244 Molodogvardeyskaya Str., Samara 443100, Russia

leader2310@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5469-8588ДавыдовД. М.DavydovD. M.

Денис Михайлович Давыдов – к.т.н., мл. науч. сотрудник кафед­ры МПМН

Россия, 443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, 244

Denis M. Davydov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Junior Researcher of the Department of MPMN

244 Molodogvardeyskaya Str., Samara 443100, Russia

davidov@npcsamara.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2071-3521ЛатухинЕ. И.LatukhinE. I.

Евгений Иванович Латухин – к.т.н., доцент кафедры МПМН

Россия, 443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, 244

Evgeny I. Latukhin – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of MPMN

244 Molodogvardeyskaya Str., Samara 443100, Russia

evgelat@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-5672АмосовА. П.AmosovA. P.

Александр Петрович Амосов – д.ф.-м.н.., проф., зав. кафедрой МПМН

Россия, 443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, 244

Aleksandr P. Amosov – Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Head of the Department of MPMN

244 Molodogvardeyskaya Str., Samara 443100, Russia

egundor@yandex.ruСамарский государственный технический университетРоссияSamara State Technical UniversityRussian Federation2025100120261962735Copyright © НИТУ "МИСИС", 20262026НИТУ "МИСИС"НИТУ "МИСИС"https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1060

В работе рассмотрено влияние добавок порошков Si, Al, Cu и Cr к стехиометрическому составу шихты 3Ti–Si–2C (ат. %) при получении МАХ-фазы Ti3SiC2 в режиме самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза (СВС) на воздухе в засыпке из песка без применения закрытого реактора и специальной атмосферы или вакуума. Показано влияние частичной или полной замены элементных порошков шихты Ti и Si на TiSi2 на выход Ti3SiC2 . Проведен анализ микроструктуры полученных СВС-продуктов с помощью растрового электронного микроскопа с приставкой для энергодисперсионной спектрометрии. Исследованы качественный и количественный фазовые составы порошковых СВС-продуктов с помощью рентгеновского дифрактометра. Установлено, что добавка 0,1 моль порошка кремния к стехиометрическому составу шихты увеличивает количество MAX-фазы Ti3SiC2 в продукте до 70 % от объема. Введение 0,1 моль Al-порошка в исходную шихту приводит к уменьшению количества Ti3SiC2 до 39 % от объема и появлению новой фазы TiAl. При этом совместный избыток кремния вместе с добавкой 0,1 моль Al в системе 3Ti–1,25Si–2C + 0,1Al существенно повышают содержание Ti3SiC2 до ⁓89 об. %. Установлено, что при синтезе в системе TiSi2–C в продуктах реакции доля МАХ-фазы уменьшается, а количество побочных фаз возрастает. Максимальное содержание Ti3SiC2 в продукте при синтезе в системе TiSi2–C достигает 56 % от общего объема. При увеличении количества TiSi2 до полной замены элементного кремния в исходной шихте 2,5Ti–0,5TiSi2–2C доля МАХ-фазы Ti3SiC2 в продукте падает до 20 %.

This study examines how additions of Si, Al, Cu, and Cr powders to the stoichiometric 3Ti–Si–2C (at. %) charge influen­ce the formation of the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase during self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) performed in air within a sand bed, without a sealed reactor or controlled atmosphere. The effect of partially or fully substituting elemental Ti and Si powders with TiSi2 on the Ti3SiC2 yield is also assessed. Microstructural characterization of the SHS products was conducted using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and the phase composition was quantified by X-ray diffraction. An addition of 0.1 mol Si to the stoichiometric mixture increases the Ti3SiC2 content in the product to approximately 70 vol. %. Incorporating 0.1 mol Al decreases the Ti3SiC2 fraction to 39 vol. % and results in the formation of TiAl. In contrast, combining a silicon excess with 0.1 mol Al in the 3Ti–1.25Si–2C + 0.1Al system markedly enhances the Ti3SiC2 yield, reaching ~89 vol. %. For synthesis in the TiSi2–C system, the share of the MAX phase decreases while secondary phases become more prevalent; the maximum Ti3SiC2 content in this system is 56 vol. %. When TiSi2 fully replaces elemental silicon in the 2.5Ti–0.5TiSi2–2C mixture, the Ti3SiC2 fraction drops to 20 vol. %.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.