powderИзвестия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытияPowder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)1997-308X2412-8767НИТУ "МИСИС"10.17073/1997-308X-2026-2-84-95powder-1127Research ArticleМатериалы и покрытия, получаемые методами аддитивных технологийMaterials and coatings fabricated using the additive manufacturing technologiesПрименение аддитивной технологии Metal Binder Jetting на примере изготовления ступеней погружных электроцентробежных насосовApplication of Metal Binder Jetting to the manufacture of electric submersible pump stageshttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-8306-4541КиселевП. А.KiselevP. A.

Павел Аркадьевич Киселев – учредитель

Россия, 614053, г. Пермь, ул. Восточный обход, 80

Pavel A. Kiselev – Founder

80 Vostochnyi obkhod Str., Perm 614053, Russia

pavelakiselev@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5529-4259ОглезневаС. А.OgleznevaS. A.

Светлана Аркадьевна Оглезнева – д.т.н., профессор кафедры механики композиционных материалов и конструкций аэрокосмического факультета

Россия, 614990, г. Пермь, Комсомольский пр-т, 29

Svetlana A. Oglezneva – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Department of Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures, Aerospace Facul­ty

29 Komsomol’skii Prosp., Perm 614990, Russia

svetlana.iron@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-4700-3244ПоздееваТ. Ю.PozdeevaT. Yu.

Татьяна Юрьевна Поздеева – к.т.н, зам. ген. директора по науч­но-исследовательской работе

Россия, 614053, г. Пермь, ул. Восточный обход, 80

Tatyana Yu. Pozdeeva – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Deputy General Director for Research

80 Vostochnyi obkhod Str., Perm 614053, Russia

pozdeevakeramet@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-2168-7942АндреевА. Л.AndreevA. L.

Андрей Львович Андреев – технический директор

Россия, 614053, г. Пермь, ул. Восточный обход, 80

Andrey L. Andreev – Technical Director

80 Vostochnyi obkhod Str., Perm 614053, Russia

a170977@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-1045ГоловинЕ. Д.GolovinE. D.

Евгений Дмитриевич Головин – к.т.н., доцент, зав. кафедрой технологии машиностроения механико-технологического факультета

Россия, 630073, г. Новосибирск, пр-т Карла Маркса, 20

Evgeny D. Golovin – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Faculty of Mechanics and Technology

20 Karl Marks Prosp., Novosibirsk 630073, Russia

golovin@corp.nstu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7476-9734КаченюкМ. Н.KachenyukM. N.

Максим Николаевич Каченюк – д.т.н., профессор кафедры механики композиционных материалов и конструкций аэрокосмического факультета

Россия, 614990, г. Пермь, Комсомольский пр-т, 29

Maxim N. Kachenyuk – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Department of Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures, Aerospace Faculty

29 Komsomol’skii Prosp., Perm 614990, Russia

maxxkach@yandex.ruООО «НПО «Керамет»РоссияRPA Ceramet LLCRussian FederationПермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университетРоссияPerm National Research Polytechnic UniversityRussian FederationНовосибирский государственный технический университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Technical UniversityRussian Federation2026050720262028495Copyright © НИТУ "МИСИС", 20262026НИТУ "МИСИС"НИТУ "МИСИС"https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1127

Metal Binder Jetting (MBJ) – технология послойной 3D-печати изделий с использованием металлических порошков и связующих веществ – один из новых и перспективных аддитивных методов. К его основным преимуществам, по сравнению с другими методами аддитивного производства (такими, как селективное лазерное спекание и стереолитография), относится высокая экономическая эффективность за счет высокой скорости печати и пригодности широкого спектра порошковых материалов. Более быстрому внедрению MBJ в промышленность препятствует недостаточная изученность нового процесса, поэтому исследование влияния параметров MBJ-технологии на структуру и свойства порошковых материалов является актуальной проблемой. Объектом изучения были образцы материалов из порошков нержавеющих сталей AISI 316L и AISI 304L, полученные методами MBJ. Было исследовано влияние характеристик порошков, толщины слоя, параметров печати и спекания на структуру и физико-механические свойства порошковых материалов. Печать образцов из порошков с размерами 25–45 мкм выполняли на 3D-принтере «Easy MFG 500 Max» (Китай), далее удаляли влагу в вакуум­ном сушильном шкафу в диапазоне температур 100–160 °С и окончательно спекали в вакууме или в восстановительной атмосфере при t = 1350÷1400 °С. Исследования включали лазерную дифракцию частиц, сканирующую электронную микроскопию с энерго­дисперсионным анализом, рентгеновскую томографию и стандартные методы определения плотности и прочностных свойств порошковых материалов. Показано, что для оценки текучести дисперсных порошков может быть использован расчетный метод Хауснера. Установлено, что напечатанные материалы из порошков со средним размером 25 мкм не содержат пор, а из порошков со средним размером частиц 45 мкм – имеют пористость 6–7 % и более низкие (на 10 %) физико-механические свойства. Определено, что уменьшение толщины слоя от 60 до 40 мкм и одновременное снижение скорости печати приводят к уменьшению строчной пористости и размеров пор. Показано, что предложенные параметры технологического процесса MBJ позволяют получить из порошка стали AISI 316L изделия электроцентробежного насоса «Рабочее колесо» и «Направляющий аппарат» с заданными геометрией и размерами, со структурой и физико-механичес­кими свойствами, не уступающими литой стали этой же марки.

Metal Binder Jetting (MBJ), a layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process that uses metal powders and binding agents, is a relatively new and promising technology. Its principal advantages over other additive manufacturing methods, including selective laser sintering and stereolithography, are its high cost-effectiveness resulting from rapid printing and its compatibility with a wide range of powder materials. The wider adoption of MBJ in industry is limited by insufficient knowledge of this relatively new process. Therefore, investigating the effects of MBJ process parameters on the structure and properties of powder-based materials remains relevant. The study examined samples produced by MBJ from AISI 316L and AISI 304L stainless steel powders. The effect of powder characteristics, layer thickness, and printing and sintering parameters on the structure and physicomecha­nical properties of the materials were investigated. Samples were printed from powders with particle sizes of 25–45 μm using an Easy MFG 500 Max 3D printer (China). Moisture was then removed in a vacuum drying oven at 100–160 °C, followed by final sintering in a vacuum or a reducing atmosphere at 1350–1400 °C. The study used included particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, X-ray computed tomography and standard methods for determining density and strength properties. The Hausner ratio was shown to provide an indirect assessment of the flowability of fine powders. Materials printed from powder with a mean particle size of 25 μm were found to be essentially pore-free, whereas those printed from powder with a mean particle size of 45 μm had a porosity of 6–7 % and physicomechanical properties approximately 10 % lower. Decreasing the layer thickness from 60 to 40 μm while simultaneously reducing the printing speed decreased layerwise porosity and pore size. The proposed MBJ process parameters enabled the manufacture of an ESP impeller and diffuser from AISI 316L steel powder with the specified geometry and dimensions. Their structure and physicomechanical properties were comparable to those of cast steel of the same grade.

аддитивные технологииструйная 3D-печатьметаллический порошоксталь AISI 316Lтекучестьспеканиефизико-механические свойствамикроструктурапористостьдетали насосаadditive manufacturingmetal binder jettingmetal powderAISI 316L steelpowder flowabilitysinteringphysico­mechanical propertiesmicrostructureporositypump componentsРаботы по исследованию характеристик порошков выполнены на оборудовании ЦКП «Структура, механичес­кие и физические свойства материалов» Новосибирского государственного технического университета и финансировались в рамках проекта FSUN-2024-0005 «Структурные преобразования в тонких поверхностных слоях металлических сплавов при экстремальном тепловом и деформационном воздействиях». Авторы статьи выражают свою благодарность В.А. Фунтикову и И.И Бинкову (Инновационный центр аддитивного производства МГТУ им. Н.Э. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.