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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">powder</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-308X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8767</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ "МИСИС"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1997-308X-2017-2-14-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">powder-286</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теория и процессы формования и спекания порошковых материалов</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theory and Processes of Formation and Sintering of Powder Materials</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ АМОРФНЫХ СТРУКТУР И ИХ КРИСТАЛЛИЗАЦИЯ В СИСТЕМЕ CU–TI ПОД ДЕЙСТВИЕМ ВЫСОКОЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ МЕХАНИЧЕСКОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FORMATION OF AMORPHOUS STRUCTURES AND THEIR CRYSTALLIZATION IN CU–TI SYSTEM BY HIGH-ENERGY BALL MILLING</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкодич</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkodich</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории динамики микрогетерогенных процессов </p><p>(142432, Московская обл., г. Черноголовка, ул. Академика Осипьяна, 8)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Senior researcher of Laboratory «Dynamics of microheterogeneous Processes»</p><p>(142432, Russia, Moscow reg., Chernogolovka, Academician Osipyan str., 8)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.f.shkodich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогачев</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogachev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, зав. лабораторией динамики микрогетерогенных процессов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Head of Laboratory «Dynamics of microheterogeneous Processes»</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rogachev@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вадченко</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vadchenko</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории динамики микрогетерогенных процессов </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Leading researcher of Laboratory «Dynamics of microheterogeneous Processes»</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vadchenko@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат физико-математических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории рентгеноструктурных исследований</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Researcher of Laboratory of X-Ray investigation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i2212@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Непапушев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nepapushev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, инженер НИЦ «Конструкционные керамические наноматериалы»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Engineer of SRC «Construction ceramic nanomaterials» </p><p>(119049, Russia, Moscow, Leninkii pr., 4)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ANepapushev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рувимов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rоuvimov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры электротехники </p><p>(46556, США, штат Индиана, Норт Дам)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Research associate professor of Department of electrical engineering</p><p>(46556, SA, Indiana, Notre Dame)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rouvimov.1@nd.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мукасьян</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukasyan</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, директор НИЦ «Конструкционные керамические наноматериалы» НИТУ «МИСиС»; профессор Университета Нотр Дам</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Director of SRC «Construction ceramic nanomaterials» NUST «MISIS», Professor of Notre Dame University</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ISMAN</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology «MISIS»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Нотр Дам</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Notre Dame University</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС»; &#13;
Университет Нотр Дам</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology «MISIS»; &#13;
Notre Dame University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; НИТУ "МИСИС", 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/286">https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/286</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе представлены результаты исследования формирования аморфных структур в системе Cu–Ti и их последующей кристаллизации под действием высокоэнергетической механической обработки (ВЭМО). Для получения аморфных порошков Cu–Ti в качестве исходных компонентов были выбраны порошки меди (марки ПМС-В со средним размером частиц d = 45÷100 мкм, ГОСТ 4960-75) и титана (ПМ99,95, d = 2,0÷4,5 мкм, ТУ 48-19-316-80). Высокоэнергетическая механическая обработка порошковых смесей Cu + Ti проводилась в лабораторной планетарной шаровой мельнице Активатор-2S (при скоростях вращения диска – 694 об/мин, барабанов – 1388 об/мин) в течение 1–30 мин. Исследования морфологии поверхности, микро-, нано- и атомно-кристаллической структуры активированных порошковых смесей Cu + Ti были выполнены методами рентгеноструктурного анализа (РСА) на дифрактометре ДРОН-3М, сканирующей электронной микроскопии на микроскопе Zeiss Ultra+ (Германия) с применением энергодисперсионного анализа, просвечивающей электронной микроскопии (ПЭМ) высокого разрешения на микроскопе Titan (США). Определение тепловых характеристик фазовых превращений (температуры, теплового эффекта реакции, аморфно-кристаллического перехода) осуществлялось методом дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии на приборе DSC 204 F1 в режиме линейного нагрева до 450 °С со скоростью 20 град/мин. С использованием ВЭМО в течение 20 мин были получены аморфные порошки Cu–Ti. По данным РСА доля аморфной фазы в материале составила 93 %. Исследования с использованием ПЭМ показали, что материал состоит преимущественно из аморфной фазы с незначительным содержанием нанокристаллических областей размерами 2–8 нм. Обнаружено, что процесс кристаллизации аморфной фазы Cu–Ti происходит в интервале температур 336–369 °С, при этом тепловой эффект реакции составляет 79,78 Дж/г. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents the research findings on the formation of amorphous structures in the Cu–Ti system and their subsequent crystallization by highenergy ball milling (HEBM). Copper powders (PMS-V grade with an average particle size d = 45÷100 μm, GOST 4960-75) and titanium powders (PM99.95, d = 2,0÷4,5 μm, TU 48-19-316-80) were chosen as original components for obtaining Cu-Ti amorphous powders. The high-energy ball milling of Cu + Ti powder mixtures was carried out using the Activator- 2S laboratory planetary ball mill (disc rotation rate – 694 rpm; rotation rate of drums – 1388 rpm) for 1 to 30 minutes. The surface morphology and the micro-, nano- and atomic-crystalline structure of activated Cu + Ti powder mixtures were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods using the DRON-3M, diffractometer by scanning electron microscopy using the Zeiss Ultra + + microscope (Germany) with energy dispersive analysis, and by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using the Titan microscope (USA). Thermal characteristics of phase transformations (temperature, heat of reaction, amorphouscrystalline transition) were determined by differential scanning calorimetry using the DSC 204 F1 instrument in a linear heating mode of up to450 °Cat a rate of 20 deg/min. Amorphous Cu-Ti powders were obtained by using high-energy ball milling for 20 min. According to X-ray diffraction data, the fraction of the amorphous phase in the material was 93 %. TEM-based studies showed that the material consisted mainly of an amorphous phase with an insignificant content of nanocrystalline regions sized from 2 to 8 μm. It was found that crystallization of the Cu–Ti amorphous phase occurred in the temperature range of 336–369 °C with the heat of reaction equal to 79,78 J/g. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аморфные металлические стекла</kwd><kwd>сплав Cu–Ti</kwd><kwd>высокоэнергетическая механическая обработка (ВЭМО)</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная сканирующая калориметрия</kwd><kwd>просвечивающая электронная микроскопия высокого разрешения</kwd><kwd>тепловой эффект</kwd><kwd>аморфно-кристаллический переход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>amorphous metallic glasses</kwd><kwd>Cu–Ti alloy</kwd><kwd>high-energy ball milling</kwd><kwd>differential scanning calorimetry</kwd><kwd>high-resolution transmission electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>heat effect</kwd><kwd>amorphousto-crystalline transition</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд (грант №16-13-10431)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Willens R.H., Klement W., Duwez P. 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