<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">powder</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-308X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8767</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ "МИСИС"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1997-308X-2017-2-47-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">powder-291</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Самораспространяющийся высокотемпературный синтез</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СВС-МЕТАЛЛУРГИЯ ЛИТЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ НА ОСНОВЕ MAX-ФАЗЫ Cr2AlC</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SHS METALLURGY OF Cr2AlC MAX PHASE BASED CAST MATERIALS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горшков</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorshkov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории жидкофазных СВС-процессов и литых материалов</p><p> (142432, Московская обл., Ногинский р-н, г. Черноголовка, ул. Акад. Осипьяна, 8)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Leading researcher, Laboratory «SHS melts and cast materials»</p><p>(142432, Russia, Moscow region, Chernogolovka, Acad. Osipyan str., 8)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorsh@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милосердов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miloserdov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">yu_group@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сачкова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sachkova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">sem@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лугинина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luginina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">luginina@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юхвид</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yukhvid</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">yukh@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения  РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; НИТУ "МИСИС", 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/291">https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/291</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведен обзор литературы по строению, свойствам, способам получения и областям применения материалов на основе МАХ-фазы Cr2AlC. Отмечено, что наиболее перспективным методом получения таких материалов является самораспространяющийся высокотемпературный синтез (СВС), одним из направлений которого является СВС-металлургия. В исследованиях в качестве базовой шихты использовали смесь порошков оксидов хрома III и хрома VI квалификации ЧДА, алюминия марки АСД-1 и углерода. Выполнены расчеты адиабатической температуры горения и состава конечных продуктов с использованием специальной программы THERMO. Эксперименты проводили в СВС-реакторе объемом V = 3 дм3 при начальном давлении инертного газа (Ar) Р0 = 5 МПа. В опытах изучено влияние соотношения исходных реагентов на параметры высокотемпературного синтеза (скорость горения, прирост давления, выход целевого продукта), состав и микроструктуру целевых продуктов. Разработан научный подход получения методом СВС-металлургии под давлением газа литых материалов в системе Cr–Al–C, состоящих из MAX-фазы Cr2AlC и фаз Cr3C2, Cr5Al8. Изучены структурно-фазовые состояния целевых продуктов. Экспериментально установлено, что, варьируя содержание исходных реагентов (алюминий и углерод) в шихте, можно существенным образом влиять на закономерности синтеза, состав и микроструктуру конечных продуктов. С ростом содержания углерода (выше стехиометрического) в исходной смеси происходят увеличение содержания MAX-фазы Cr2AlC в конечном продукте и уменьшение Cr5Al8. Повышение содержания алюминия (выше стехиометрического) в исходной смеси приводит к увеличению содержания MAX-фазы Cr2AlC в конечном продукте и уменьшению содержания фазы Cr3C2. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper reviews literature on the structure, properties, production processes, and fields of application of materials based on the MAX phase Cr2AlC. It was noted that the most promising method for production of such materials was self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), with SHS metallurgy being one of its directions. A mixture of AR grade chromium III and chromium VI oxide powders, ASD-1 grade aluminum, and carbon was used as the base charge during studies. The adiabatic combustion temperature and the composition of final products were calculated using the special THERMO program. The experiments were carried out in the SHS reactor with a volume of V = 3 dm3 at the initial inert gas pressure (Ar) Р0 = 5 MPa. The experiments focused on the influence of the starting reagent ratio on parameters of the high-temperature synthesis (burning rate, pressure gain, and yield of the target product), composition and microstructure of target products. The paper develops a scientific approach to the production of cast materials by SHS metallurgy under gas pressure in the Cr–Al–C system consisting of the Cr2AlC MAX phase, and Cr5Al8 and Cr3C2 phases. The paper studies structural-phase states of target products. It was experimentally established that by varying the content of starting reagents (aluminum and carbon) in the charge, it was possible to produce a significant effect on synthesis regularities, the composition and microstructure of final products. As the carbon content in the base mixture increases (above the stoichiometric content), the content of the MAX phase Cr2AlC in the final product increases as well and content of Cr5Al8 reduces. An increase in the aluminum content (above stoichiometric) in the base mixture leads to an increase in the MAX phase Cr2AlC content in the final product and to a reduction in the Cr3C2 phase content. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>СВС-металлургия</kwd><kwd>СВС-реактор</kwd><kwd>давление газа</kwd><kwd>литые материалы</kwd><kwd>MAX-фаза Cr2AlC</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>SHS metallurgy</kwd><kwd>SHS reactor</kwd><kwd>gas pressure</kwd><kwd>cast materials</kwd><kwd>Cr2AlC MAX phase</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barsoum M.W., E-Raghy T. The MAX phases: Unique new carbide and nitride materials // Amer. Sci. 2001. Vol. 89. No. 4. P. 336—345.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barsoum M.W., E-Raghy T. The MAX phases: Unique new carbide and nitride materials. Amer. Sci. 2001. Vol. 89. No. 4. P. 336—345.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tzenov N.V., Barsoum M.W. Synthesis and characterization of Ti3AlC1.8 // J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 2000. Vol. 83. No. 4. P. 825—832.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tzenov N.V., Barsoum M.W. Synthesis and characterization of Ti3AlC1.8. J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 2000. Vol. 83. No. 4. P. 825—832.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barsoum M.W., Radovic M. Elastic and mechanical properties of the MAX phases // Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 2011. Vol. 41. P. 195—227.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barsoum M.W., Radovic M. Elastic and mechanical properties of the MAX phases. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 2011. Vol. 41. P. 195—227.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li H., Li S., Zhou Y. Cyclic thermal shock behavior of a Cr2AlC ceramic // Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2014. Vol. 607. Р. 525—529.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li H., Li S., Zhou Y. Cyclic thermal shock behavior of a Cr2AlC ceramic. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2014. Vol. 607. Р. 525—529.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ying G., He X., Li M. Du S., Han W., He F. Synthesis and mechanical properties of high-purity Cr2AlC ceramic // Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2011. Vol. 528. Р. 2635—2640.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ying G., He X., Li M. Du S., Han W., He F. Synthesis and mechanical properties of high-purity Cr2AlC ceramic. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2011. Vol. 528. Р. 2635—2640.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xiao Li.O., Li S.B, Song G., Sloof W.G. Synthesis and thermal stability of Cr2AlC // J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2011. Vol. 31. Р. 1497—1502.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xiao Li.O., Li S.B, Song G., Sloof W.G. Synthesis and thermal stability of Cr2AlC. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2011. Vol. 31. Р. 1497—1502.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eklund P., Beckers M., Jansson U. Högberg H., Hult-man L. The Mn+1AXn phases: Materials science and thin-film processing // Thin Solid Films. 2010. Vol. 518(8). P. 1851—1878.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eklund P., Beckers M., Jansson U. Högberg H., Hultman L. The Mn+1AXn phases: Materials science and thin-film processing. Thin Solid Films. 2010. Vol. 518(8). P. 1851— 1878.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frodelius J., Sonestedt M., Bjorklund S. Palmquist, J., Stiller K., Högberg, H., Hultman L. Ti2AlC coatings deposited by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying // Surf. Coat. Technol. 2008. Vol. 202. P. 5976—5981.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frodelius J., Sonestedt M., Bjorklund S. Palmquist, J., Stiller K., Högberg, H., Hultman L. Ti2AlC coatings deposited by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying. Surf. Coat. Technol. 2008. Vol. 202. P. 5976—5981.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pasumarthi V., Chen Y., Bakchi S.R. Agarwal A. Reaction synthesis of Ti3SiC2 phase in plasma sprayed coating // J. Alloy. Compd. 2009. Vol. 484. P. 113—117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pasumarthi V., Chen Y., Bakchi S.R. Agarwal A. Reaction synthesis of Ti3SiC2 phase in plasma sprayed coating. J. Alloy. Compd. 2009. Vol. 484. P. 113—117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Верхотуров А.Д., Подчерняева И.А., Прядко Л.Ф., Егоров Ф.Ф. Электродные материалы для электроискрового легирования. М.: Наука, 1988.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verhoturov A.D., Podchernyaeva I.A., Pryadko L.F., Egorov F.F. Elektrodnye materialy dlya elektroiskrovogo legirovaniya [Electrode materials for spark alloying]. Mosсow: Nauka, 1988.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Замулаева Е.И., Левашов А.Е., Свиридова Т.А., Швындина Н.В., Петржик М.И. Электроискровое осаждение защитных покрытий на основе МАХ-фаз // Изв. вузов. Порошк. металлургия и функц. покрытия. 2013. No. 3. С. 73—81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zamulaeva E.I., Levashov E.A., Sviridova T.A., Shvyndina N.V., Petrzhik M.I. Elektroiskrovoe osazhdenie zaschitnyh pokrytii na osnove MAX-faz [Electrospark sedimentation of protective coatings on the basis of MAX-phases]. Izv. vuzov. Poroshk. metallurgiya i funkts. pokrytiya. 2013. No. 3. С. 73—81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гитлевич А.Е., Михайлов В.В., Парканский Н.Я., Ревуцкий В.М. Электроискровое легирование металлических поверхностей. Кишинев: Штиинца, 1985.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gitlevich A.E., Mihailov V.V., Parkanskii N.Ya., Revutskii V.M. Elektroiskrovoe legirovanie metallicheskikh pokrytii [Electric spark doping of metal surfaces]. Kishinev: Shtinitsa, 1985.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li S.B., Yu W.B., Zhai H.X., Song G.M., Sloof W.G., Zwaag S. Mechanical properties of low temperature synthesized dense and fine-grained Cr2AlC ceramics // J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2011. No. 31. Р. 217—224.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li S.B., Yu W.B., Zhai H.X., Song G.M., Sloof W.G., Zwaag S. Mechanical properties of low temperature synthesized dense and fine-grained Cr2AlC ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2011. No. 31. Р. 217—224.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou W.B., Mei B.C., Zhu J.Q. On the synthesis and properties of bulk ternary Cr2AlC ceramics // Mater. Sci.-Pol. 2009. Vol. 27. No. 4/1. Р. 973—980.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou W.B., Mei B.C., Zhu J.Q. On the synthesis and properties of bulk ternary Cr2AlC ceramics. Mater. Sci.-Pol. 2009. Vol. 27. No. 4/1. Р. 973—980.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu J., Jiang H., Wang F., Yang C., Xiao D. Synthesis, microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr2AlC // J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2014. Vol. 34. Р. 4137—4144.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu J., Jiang H., Wang F., Yang C., Xiao D. Synthesis, mic rostructure and mechanical properties of Cr2AlC. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2014. Vol. 34. Р. 4137—4144.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duan X., Shen L., Jia D., Zhou Y., Zwaag S., Sloof W.G. Synthesis of high-purity, isotropic or textured Cr2AlC bulk ceramicsby spark plasma sintering of pressure-less sintered powders // J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2015. Vol. 35. Р. 1393—1400.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duan X., Shen L., Jia D., Zhou Y., Zwaag S., Sloof W.G. Synthesis of high-purity, isotropic or textured Cr2AlC bulk ceramicsby spark plasma sintering of pressure-less sintered powders . J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 2015. Vol. 35. Р. 1393—1400.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мержанов А.Г. Самораспространяющийся высокотемпературный синтез. Физическая химия. Современные проблемы. М.: Химия, 1983.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Merzhanov A.G. Samorasprostranyayuschiisya vysokotemperaturnyi sintez. Fizicheskaya khimiya. Sovremennye problemy [Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. Physical chemistry. Modern problems]. Mosсow: Khimiya, 1983.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левашов Е.А., Рогачев А.С., Курбаткина В.В., Максимов Ю.М., Юхвид В.И. Перспективные материалы и технологии самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза. М.: МИСиС, 2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levashov E.A., Rogachev A.S., Kurbatkina V.V., Maksimov Yu.M., Yukhvid V.I. Perspektivnye materialy i tekhnologii samorasprostranyayuschegosya vysokotemperaturnogo sinteza [Advanced materials and technology of Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis]. Mosсow: MISIS, 2011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горшков В.А., Качин А.Р., Юхвид В.И. СВС-металлургия литого композиционного материала Cr3C2—NiAl и защитные покрытия на его основе // Перспект. матер. 2014. No. 10. С. 60—67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorshkov V.A., Kachin A.R., Yukhvid V.I. SVS—metallurgiya litogo kompozitsionnogo materiala Cr3C2—NiAl i zaschitnye pokrytiya na ego osnove [SHS metallurgy cast Cr3C2—NiAl composite material and protective coatings based on it]. Persp. Mat. 2014. No 10. P. 60—67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miloserdov P.A., Gorshkov V.A., Yukhvid V.I. High-temperature synthesis of cast Cr2AlC at an inert gas overpressure // Inorg. Mater. 2013. Vol. 49. No. 8. P. 781— 785.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miloserdov P.A., Gorshkov V.A., Yukhvid V.I. High-temperature synthesis of cast Cr2AlC at an inert gas overpressure. Inorg. Mater. 2013. Vol. 49. No. 8. P. 781—785.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
