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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">powder</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-308X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8767</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ "МИСИС"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1997-308X-2020-2-55-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">powder-540</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Пористые материалы и биоматериалы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Porous Materials and Biomaterials</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синтез нанопористых керамических материалов для фильтрации жидкостей и газов методом технологического горения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Synthesis of nanoporous ceramic materials for filtration of liquids and gases by technological combustion method</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алымов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alymov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор технических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, директор ИСМАН.</p><p>142432, Московская обл., Черноголовка, ул. Акад. Осипьяна, 8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Corresponding member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences (ISMAN).</p><p>142432, Moscow reg., Chernogolovka, Acad. Osipyan str., 8.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">director@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уваров</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uvarov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза (СВС) ИСМАН.</p><p>142432, Московская обл., Черноголовка, ул. Акад. Осипьяна, 8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Leading research scientist, Laboratory of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, ISMAN.</p><p>142432, Moscow reg., Chernogolovka, Acad. Osipyan str., 8.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uvar@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустин</surname><given-names>Р. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustin</surname><given-names>R. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории ударно-волновых процессов ИСМАН.</p><p>142432, Московская обл., Черноголовка, ул. Акад. Осипьяна, 8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Senior research scientist, Laboratory of shock-wave processes, ISMAN.</p><p>142432, Moscow reg., Chernogolovka, Acad. Osipyan str., 8.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kapustin-roman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллов</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории высокоэнергетических методов синтеза сверхвысокотемпературных керамических материалов ИСМАН.</p><p>142432, Московская обл., Черноголовка, ул. Акад. Осипьяна, 8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Post-graduate student, Junior researcher, Laboratory of high-energy methods of synthesis of ultrahigh-temperature ceramic materials, ISMAN.</p><p>142432, Moscow reg., Chernogolovka, Acad. Osipyan str., 8.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avanfer@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лорян</surname><given-names>В. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loryan</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор технических наук, заведующий лабораторией СВС ИСМАН.</p><p>142432, Московская обл., Черноголовка, ул. Акад. Осипьяна, 8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Head of Laboratory of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, ISMAN.</p><p>142432, Moscow reg., Chernogolovka, Acad. Osipyan str., 8.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">loryan@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения (ИСМАН) им. А.Г. Мержанова Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences (ISMAN)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; НИТУ "МИСИС", 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/540">https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/540</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведены экспериментально-аналитические исследования по синтезу керамического материала на основе системы Ti-Al, обладающего наноразмерной пористой структурой. Результаты предыдущих исследований коллектива авторов показали, что пористые керамические материалы, предназначенные для фильтрации жидкостей и газов, целесообразно получать не путем послойного горения, а в режиме теплового взрыва (по всему объему образца). С применением метода самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза (СВС) были получены нанопористые керамические мембраны из смеси порошков, мас.%: 40Т + 60A1 в одну стадию с образованием TiAl3. Установлено, что синтезируемый материал состоит из основной фазы TiAl3 с незначительным количеством окислившегося в Al2O3 и непрореагировавшего алюминия. Анализ микроструктуры излома образцов показал, что полученный материал обладает развитой поверхностью и высокой открытой пористостью. Эмпирически определенная ее величина составляет до 48 %, а величина пор - от 0,1 до 0,2 мкм. Эффективность полученного пористого материала для керамического СВС-фильтра на основе Ti-Al достигает 99,999 %, сопротивление газовому потоку - 100 мм вод. ст., фильтрационный показатель равен 0,062. Производительность ультрафильтрации газов составляет до 40 л/(см2•ч) при перепаде давления на фильтре 2 кПа, а воды - от 2 до 10 л/(см2•ч) при перепаде давления на фильтре 0,1 МПа. Изготовленные таким образом мембраны из керамических материалов с градиентной нанопористой структурой могут использоваться в качестве фильтрэлементов для малых установок, позволяющих производить тонкую очистку воды от бактерий, вирусов и растворенного органического углерода, а также для тонкой очистки воздуха и технологических газов от дисперсных микропримесей и радиоактивных аэрозолей. Разработанные мембранные СВС-фильтры также могут востребованы в установках, работающих в агрессивных средах и/или при высоких температурах (до 1000 °C).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Experimental and analytical studies on the synthesis of a Ti-Al-based ceramic material with a nanoscale porous structure were conducted. The results of previous studies conducted by the authors showed that it is reasonable to obtain porous ceramic materials designed for filtration of liquids and gases by thermal explosion (throughout the sample) rather than by layer-by-layer combustion. Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) was used to obtain nanoporous ceramic membranes from a mixture of powders, wt.%: 40Ti + 60Al in one stage with the TiAl3 formation. It was found that the synthesized material consists of the main phase TiAl3 with a small amount of aluminum oxidized into Al2O3 and unreacted. The microstructural analysis of the sample fracture showed that the resulting material has a developed surface and high open porosity. Empirically investigated open porosity is up to 48%, and the pore size ranges from 0.1 to 0.2 цт. The efficiency of the porous material obtained for the Ti-Al-based ceramic SHS filter reaches 99.999 %, gas flow resistance is 100 mmHg, filtration index is 0.062. Gas ultrafiltration capacity is up to 40 l/(cm2•h) at a pressure drop on the filter of 2 kPa, and water ultrafiltration capacity ranges from 2 to 10 l/(cm2•h) at a pressure drop on the filter of 0.1 MPa. Membranes made of ceramic materials with a gradient nanoporous structure by this method can be used as filter elements for small units providing fine water cleaning from bacteria, viruses, dissolved organic carbon, as well as for fine cleaning of air, process gases from dispersed micro-impurities and radioactive aerosols. The membrane SHS filters developed can also be used in units operating in aggressive environments and/or at high temperatures (up to 1000 °C).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мембрана</kwd><kwd>нанопористая структура</kwd><kwd>керамика</kwd><kwd>фильтры</kwd><kwd>горение</kwd><kwd>самораспространяющийся высокотемпературный синтез (СВС)</kwd><kwd>тепловой взрыв</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>membrane</kwd><kwd>nanoporous structure</kwd><kwd>ceramics</kwd><kwd>filters</kwd><kwd>combustion</kwd><kwd>self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS)</kwd><kwd>thermal explosion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никитина С.Ю., Рудаков О.Б. Ионообменный реактор для очистки пищевого этанола от микропримесей. Сорбционные и хроматографические процессы. 2012. Т. 12. Вып. 6. 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