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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">powder</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-308X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8767</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ "МИСИС"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1997-308X-2020-3-55-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">powder-565</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Наноструктурированные материалы и функциональные покрытия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Nanostructured Materials and Functional Coatings</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимизация свойств пиролитических карбидохромовых покрытий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimization of pyrolytic chromium carbide coating properties</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щитов</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Schitov</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щитов Н.Н. – канд. техн. наук, гл. специалист</p><p>127055, г. Москва, ул. Сущевская, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Schitov N.N. – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Chief specialist</p><p>127055, Russia, Moscow, Suschevskaya str., 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nschitov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лозован</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozovan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лозован А.А. – докт. техн. наук, профессор кафедры технологий и систем автоматизированного проектирования металлургических процессов</p><p>121552, г. Москва, ул. Оршанская, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lozovan A.A. – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Department of technologies and systems for computer-aided design of metallurgical processes</p><p>121552, Russia, Moscow, Orshanskaya str., 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">loz-plasma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики (ВНИИА) им. Н.Л. Духова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dukhov Automatics Research Institute (VNIIA)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щитов Н.Н., Лозован А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щитов Н.Н., Лозован А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Schitov N.N., Lozovan A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/565">https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/565</self-uri><abstract><p>Обсуждаются пути оптимизации свойств пиролитических карбидохромовых покрытий (ПКХП) для различных отраслей промышленности. Область применения ПКХП - это защита поверхностей различных деталей и узлов, выполненных из разных материалов, от коррозии, залипания, высоких температур, различных видов износа. Подобная многофункциональность ПКХП объясняется, в частности, особенностями их структуры, представляющей собой, как правило, «сверхрешетку» из чередующихся относительно твердых и мягких слоев, отличающихся по составу и, соответственно, функциональным характеристикам, таким как микротвердость или модуль Юнга. Подобная структура при определенных периодах и отношениях толщин этих слоев соответствует максимуму критерия качества задачи теории оптимального управления (ТОУ) – обратной задачи, поставленной на классе решений прямой, моделирующей конкретное взаимодействие, например абразивный износ. При этом сама прямая задача, например описание индентирования, является некорректной обратной задачей математической физики, и для ее решения требуется своя оптимальная стратегия. Таким образом, возникает некая иерархия оптимизационных алгоритмов, с помощью которых можно добиться получения лучших функциональных характеристик ПХКП. В случае, если прямая задача типа абразивного износа не поддается формализации, предложено использовать разработанный авторами расчетно-экспериментальный метод, также основанный на применении ТОУ. Основной акцент сделан на совершенствовании технологии осаждения ПХКП для каждого конкретного применения при использовании теории оптимального управления. Для получения ПКХП, отвечающих этим условиям, необходимо при разработке технологического процесса учитывать физико-химические особенности процесса пиролиза прекурсоров, а также влияние различных добавок и катализаторов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper discusses ways to optimize the properties of pyrolytic chromium carbide coatings (PCCC) for different industries. PCCC applications include protecting surfaces of different parts and units made of various materials against corrosion, sticking, high temperatures, and various types of wear. Such versatility of PCCCs is explained partly by the peculiarities of their structure that is generally a «superlattice» of alternating relatively hard and soft layers of different composition and, accordingly, functional characteristics such as microhardness and Young modulus. These structures with specific periods and layer thickness ratios correspond to the maximum quality criterion of the optimal control theory (OCT) problem, an inverse problem stated on the class of solutions for a direct problem simulating specific interaction, e.g. abrasive wear. At the same time, the direct problem itself, e.g. an indentation description, is an incorrect inverse problem of mathematical physics, and it needs its own optimal strategy to be solved. This results in a hierarchy of optimization algorithms that can be used to obtain best PCCC functional properties. When an abrasive-wear type direct problem cannot be formalized, it is suggested to use a computational-experimental method elaborated by the authors that is also based on OCT. The main focus is on the improvement of the PCCC deposition technology for every specific application using the optimal control theory. To obtain PCCCs that meet these conditions, it is required to take into account the physical and chemical features of precursor pyrolysis as well as the effect of different additives or catalysts in the process development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пиролитические карбидохромовые покрытия</kwd><kwd>коррозионная стойкость</kwd><kwd>износостойкость</kwd><kwd>теория оптимального управления</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pyrolytic chromium carbide coatings</kwd><kwd>corrosion resistance</kwd><kwd>wear resistance</kwd><kwd>optimal control theory</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Разуваев Г.А., Грибов Б.Г., Домрачев Г.А., Саламатин Б.А. Металлоорганические соединения в электронике. 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