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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">powder</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-308X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8767</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ "МИСИС"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1997-308X-2021-1-12-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">powder-587</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Процессы получения и свойства порошков</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Production Processes and Properties of Powders</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Формирование структуры псевдосплавов Cu–W при различных методах их получения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structure forming of Cu–W pseudoalloys prepared in different routes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вадченко</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vadchenko</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории динамики микрогетерогенных процессов</p><p>142432, Московская обл., Ногинский р-н, г. Черноголовка, ул. Академика Осипьяна, 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), leading researcher of Laboratory of dynamics of microheterogeneous processes</p><p>142432, Moscow region, Noginsk district, Chernogolovka, Academician Osip’yan str., 8</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vadchenko@ism.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер лаборатории динамики микрогетерогенных процессов</p><p>г. Черноголовка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>engineer, Laboratory of dynamics of microheterogeneous processes</p><p>Chernogolovka</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elsu1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухина</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhina</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>технолог лаборатории физического материаловедения</p><p>г. Черноголовка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>technologist, Laboratory of materials science</p><p>Chernogolovka</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muxinanina2012@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук, науч. сотр. лаборатории рентгеноструктурных исследований</p><p>г. Черноголовка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), researcher, Laboratory of X-ray investigation</p><p>Chernogolovka</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i2212@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илларионова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Illarionova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер-исследователь лаборатории динамики микрогетерогенных процессов</p><p>г. Черноголовка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>research engineer, Laboratory of dynamics of microheterogeneous processes</p><p>Chernogolovka</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alchg@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт структурной макрокинетики и проблем материаловедения им. А.Г. Мержанова РАН (ИСМАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISMAN)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; НИТУ "МИСИС", 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/587">https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/587</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведено сравнение микроструктур сплавов, формирующихся при спекании смесей порошков вольфрама (ПВ2, средний размер частиц 3,8–6,0 мкм) и меди (ПМС-11, фракция 45–60 мкм), приготовленных различными методами – простым смешением порошков металлов; механической активацией (МА) порошков металлов; осаждением меди из раствора ее сульфата (CuSO4 ·5H2O) на порошок вольфрама при одновременной механической активации. Молярное соотношение металлов в смесях Cu/W = 1. Водный раствор для осаждения меди включал диэтиленгликоль (до 30 %), глицерин (до 8 %), фтористоводородную кислоту (до 0,1 %), смачиватель ОП-10 (до 0,8 %). Механическую активацию проводили в планетарной мельнице АГО-2 при загрузке в барабаны по 200 г стальных шаров и скорости вращения барабанов 2220 об/мин в течение 5 мин. Восстановленная медь в растворе и на воздухе быстро окисляется до оксида Cu2O, поэтому отмывку, сушку и хранение полученных композитных порошков проводили в атмосфере аргона. Спекание образцов, спрессованных из полученных порошков (таблетки диаметром 3 мм, высотой 1,5–2,0 мм и плотностью 7,7–8,0 г/см3), выполняли в аргоне при атмосферном давлении и температурах от 1000 до 1500°C. При спекании композитных частиц Cu–W можно выделить несколько областей протекания процесса. При температурах меньше температуры плавления меди происходит «твердофазное» спекание в точках контакта композитных частиц. При нагреве образцов от температуры плавления до 1200°C образцы из обычной смеси порошков металлов спекаются по жидкофазному механизму, образуя малопористый спек. Спекание композитных порошков, полученных МА при осаждении меди и МА смесей металлических порошков, приводит к расслоению образцов с образованием крупных пор, вытянутых перпендикулярно оси прессования и частично заполненных расплавом меди. При нагреве образцов, полученных МА порошков, выше 1400°C происходит фазоразделение, и практически вся медь вытесняется из образца на поверхность.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The microstructures of alloys formed during the sintering of tungsten powder mixtures (PV2, 3.8–6.0 μm average particle size) and copper (PMS-11, 45–60 μm fraction) prepared by various methods were compared. The methods included simple metal powder mixing, mechanical activation (MA) of metal powders, copper precipitation from the solution of its sulfate (CuSO4·5H2O) on tungsten powder with simultaneous mechanical activation. The molar ratio of metals in mixtures Cu/W = 1. An aqueous solution for copper deposition included diethylene glycol (up to 30 %), glycerin (up to 8 %), hydrofluoric acid (up to 0.1 %), wetting agent OP-10 (up to 0.8 %). Mechanical activation was carried out in an AGO-2 planetary mill with 200 g of steel balls charged into the drums rotating at 2220 rpm for 5 min. Reduced copper in the solution and in the air rapidly oxidizes to the Cu2O oxide, so the composite powders obtained were washed, dried, and stored in an argon atmosphere. Samples pressed from the powders obtained (tablets 3 mm in diameter, 1.5–2.0 mm in height with a density of 7.7–8.0 g/cm3) were sintered in argon at atmospheric pressure and temperatures from 1000 to 1500 °C. During the sintering of Cu–W composite particles, several areas of the process can be distinguished. «Solid phase» sintering occurs at the contact points of composite particles at temperatures lower than the copper melting point. When samples are heated from the melting point to 1200 °C, samples are sintered by the liquid-phase mechanism from the conventional mixture of metal powders to form a low-porous cake. When composite powders obtained by MA during the copper deposition and MA of metal powder mixtures are sintered, samples are delaminated with the formation of large pores elongated perpendicular to the pressing axis and partially filled with copper melt. When samples obtained by powder MA are heated above 1400 °C, phase separation occurs and almost all copper is displaced from the sample to the surface.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>псевдосплавы</kwd><kwd>осаждение меди из раствора</kwd><kwd>механическая активация</kwd><kwd>спекание</kwd><kwd>фазоразделение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pseudo-alloys</kwd><kwd>copper deposition from solution</kwd><kwd>mechanical activation</kwd><kwd>sintering</kwd><kwd>phase separation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 18-03-00438.  Для выполнения исследований было привлечено оборудование Распределенного центра коллективного пользования ИСМАН.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out under financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research as part of Scientific Project No. 18-03-00438. 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