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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">powder</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-308X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8767</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ "МИСИС"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1997-308X-2021-3-4-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">powder-612</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Процессы получения и свойства порошков</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Production Processes and Properties of Powders</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Образование углеродных нанотрубок и микрокремнезема в ходе получения кристаллического кремния в трехфазных рудно-термических печах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Formation of carbon nanotubes and microsilica when obtaining crystalline silicon in three-phase electric ore smelting furnaces</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuz’min</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, проректор по международной деятельности БГУ, доцент кафедры металлургии цветных металлов ИРНИТУ</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Ленина, 1,</p><p> 664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Vice-rector for International relations, Baikal State University, Associate professor of the Department of metallurgy of non-ferrous metals, Irkutsk National Research Technical University (INRTU)</p><p>664003, Russia, Irkutsk, Lenin str., 11б</p><p>664074, Irkutsk, Lermontov str., 83</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">12008@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratiev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, руководитель Инновационно-технологического центра</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Ленина, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of Innovation and technology center</p><p>664003, Russia, Irkutsk, Lenin str., 11б</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kv@istu.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuz’mina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент кафедры радиоэлектроники и телекоммуникационных систем</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Ленина, 1,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Research fellow, Department of radio electronics and telecommunication systems</p><p>664003, Russia, Irkutsk, Lenin str., 11б</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzmina.istu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурдонов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burdonov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры обогащения полезных ископаемых и охраны окружающей среды</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Ленина, 1,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate professor, Department of mineral processing and environmental protection</p><p>664003, Russia, Irkutsk, Lenin str., 11б</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">slimbul@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ran</surname><given-names>Jia Q.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ran</surname><given-names>Jia Q.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD, доцент Колледжа мехатроники и управления</p><p>3688 Nanhai ave., Shenzhen, Guang Dong Province</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Jia Q. Ran – PhD, Assistant professor, College of mechatronics and control engineering</p><p>3688 Nanhai ave., Shenzhen, Guang Dong Province</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ranjiaqi26@szu.edu.cn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Байкальский государственный университет (БГУ;&#13;
Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет (ИРНИТУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Baikal State University;&#13;
Irkutsk National Research Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет (ИРНИТУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Шэньчжэня</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shenzhen University</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; НИТУ "МИСИС", 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">НИТУ "МИСИС"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/612">https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/612</self-uri><abstract><p>Объем ежегодно образующихся отходов кремниевого производства в Иркутской обл. составляет 20 тыс. т/год, а объем накопленных на трех шламовых полях АО «Кремний» отходов превышает 3 млн м3. Основным видом отходов производства кристаллического кремния является пыль систем газоочистки рудно-термических печей. В связи с этим в настоящей работе проведено исследование ее химического состава и возможностей использования входящих в ее состав ценных компонентов – аморфного кремнезема и углеродных нанотрубок (УНТ). Показана возможность разделения данного продукта методом флотации на 3 составляющие – песковую фракцию, камерный продукт, обогащенный SiO2, и пенный продукт, обогащенный углеродом в форме УНТ. Изучена структура углеродных нанотрубок и определены их физико-механические свойства: модуль упругости (2000 ГПа), предел прочности (75 ГПа) и теплопроводность (4000 Вт/(м·K)). Проведены расчеты количества тепла, необходимого для получения 1 кг УНТ в рудно-термических печах. На основе материального баланса электроплавки технического кремния установлено, что в ходе эндотермического процесса на 1 т кристаллического кремния образуется 153 кг УНТ, а также 336 кг камерного продукта, который на 75 % состоит из частиц аморфного микрокремнезема. По результатам расчетов теплового эффекта и энергии Гиббса реакций образования аморфного микрокремнезема выявлено, что все процессы являются экзотермическими, а наибольшей термодинамической вероятностью обладает процесс окисления кислородом воздуха твердых частиц карбида кремния (2SiC+ 3O2 → 2SiO2 + 2CO). Проведен расчет экономической эффективности использования аморфного кремнезема для получения литейных силуминов, результаты которого наглядно демонстрируют быстрый срок окупаемости (6 мес.), а также высокий уровень его доходности (819 672 долл. США).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The volume of silicon waste generated annually in the Irkutsk Region is 20 thousand tons per year, and the volume of waste accumulated in three sludge fields of JSC «Silicon» exceeds 3 million m3. The main type of crystalline silicon production waste is dust from gas cleaning systems of electric ore smelting furnaces. In this regard, this paper studies its chemical composition and the possibilities of using valuable components (amorphous silica, carbon nanotubes (CNT)) included in its composition. The study demonstrates that it is possible to separate this product by flotation into 3 components — sand fraction, flotation tailings enriched in SiO2, and froth enriched in carbon in the form of CNT. The structure of carbon nanotubes was studied and their physical and mechanical properties were determined: elastic modulus (2000 GPa), tensile strength (75 GPa), and thermal conductivity (4000 W/(m·K)). The amount of heat required to obtain 1 kg of CNT in electric ore smelting furnaces was calculated. Based on the material balance of commercial silicon electric smelting, it was found that 153 kg of CNT and 336 kg of flotation tailings are formed per ton of crystalline silicon during the endothermic process. Flotation tailings consist of 75 % amorphous microsilica particles. According to heat effect and Gibbs energy calculations made for amorphous microsilica formation reactions, it was found that all processes are exothermic, and the process of solid silicon carbide particles (2SiC + 3O2 → 2SiO2 + 2CO) oxidation with air oxygen has the highest thermodynamic probability. The economic efficiency of using amorphous silica to produce casting silumins was calculated, and its results clearly demonstrate a quick payback period (6 months), as well as a high level of its profitability (USD 819672).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>производство кремния</kwd><kwd>кристаллический кремний</kwd><kwd>пыль кремниевого производства</kwd><kwd>аморфный микрокремнезем (АМК)</kwd><kwd>углеродные нанотрубки (УНТ)</kwd><kwd>флотация</kwd><kwd>энергетический баланс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>silicon production</kwd><kwd>crystalline silicon</kwd><kwd>silicon dust</kwd><kwd>amorphous microsilica (AMS)</kwd><kwd>carbon nanotubes (CNT)</kwd><kwd>flotation</kwd><kwd>energy balance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта по финансовой поддержке научно-педагогических коллективов ИРНИТУ (проект № 02-ФПК-19)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by the grant for the financial support of Irkutsk National Research Technical University academic staff (Project № 02-fpk-19)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попов С.И. 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