powderИзвестия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытияPowder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)1997-308X2412-8767НИТУ "МИСИС"10.17073/1997-308X-2024-1-31-39powder-865Research ArticleМатериалы и покрытия, получаемые методами аддитивных технологийMaterials and coatings fabricated using the additive manufacturing technologiesВлияние меди на микроструктуру и механические свойства титанового орто-сплава, изготовленного методом селективного лазерного плавленияInfluence of copper on the microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium ortho-alloy produced by selective laser meltinghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5380-3072ПолозовИ. А.PolozovI. A.

Игорь Анатольевич Полозов – к.т.н., доцент

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Igor A. Polozov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assistant Professor

29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation

polozov_ia@spbstu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-8279-2617СоколоваВ. В.SokolovaV. V.

Виктория Владиславовна Соколова – инженер, аспирант

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Viktoria V. Sokolova – Engineer, Postgraduate Student

29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation

sockolova.vero@ya.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-2567-3332ГрачеваА. М.GrachevaA. M.

Анна Максимовна Грачева – инженер, студент

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Anna M. Gracheva – Engineer, Student

29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation

gracheva.am@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5974-6654ПоповичА. А.PopovichA. A.

Анатолий Анатольевич Попович – д.т.н., проф., директор Инс­титута машиностроения, материалов и транспорта

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Anatoly A. Popovich – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Director of the Institute of Machinery, Materials and Transport

29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation

popovicha@mail.ruСанкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра ВеликогоРоссияPeter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic UniversityRussian Federation2024180220241813139Copyright © НИТУ "МИСИС", 20242024НИТУ "МИСИС"НИТУ "МИСИС"https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/865

Проведено исследование интерметаллидного орторомбического титанового сплава, полученного методом селективного лазерного плавления (СЛП) с добавлением меди в количестве от 0 до 6 мас. % с помощью in situ легирования в процессе изготовления с использованием подогрева подложки от 300 до 850 °С. Показано, что введение меди в сплав способствовало измельчению зерна первичной B2/β-фазы и изменению механических свойств. В результате рентгеноструктурного анализа и сканирующей микроскопии была выявлена микроструктура, состоящая из B2/β-фазы с выделе­ниями орторомбической фазы. Также в образцах прослеживается наличие небольшого количества α2-Ti3Al-фазы, количество которой увеличивается с повышением содержания меди в сплаве. Методом дифференциальной сканирующей калометрии установлено, что добавление меди приводит к смещению температур фазовых превращений в область более высоких температур и сужает область α2-Ti3Al + B2/β + Ti2AlNb. Введение меди до 6 мас. % обуславливает разупрочнение и охрупчивание орторомбического сплава с формированием мелкозернистой микроструктуры, средний размер зерна которой составил 8,3 мкм. Результаты энергодисперсионной рентгеновской спектроскопии показали наличие на границах зерен интерметаллидной О-фазы, что способствовало увеличению твердости на 12 % в сравнении с орторомбическим сплавом без добавления меди после СЛП с подогревом подложки при 850 °C. Наилучшие пластические свойства проявил сплав с содержанием меди 4 мас. % при пределе прочности 1080 МПа, что сопоставимо со значением прочности орто-сплава, полученного методом СЛП после горячего изостатического прессования.

This study explores an intermetallic orthorhombic titanium alloy produced by incorporating varying copper concentrations ranging from 0 to 6 wt. % through in-situ doping during selective laser melting (SLM) fabrication, coupled with simultaneous substrate preheating. The investigation delves into the influence of copper introduction on grain refinement within the primary B2/β-phase and subsequent alterations in mechanical properties. Through X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy, the microstructure characterized by the presence of the B2/β-phase and orthorhombic phase precipitates was identified. Additionally, the detection of a minor quantity of the α2-Ti3Al-phase was noted, with its proportion increasing proportionally with the augmentation of copper content. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed a shift in the phase transformation temperatures towards higher temperatures and a constricted α2-Ti3Al + B2/β + Ti2AlNb region, attributed to the inclusion of copper. The addition of copper, up to 6 wt. %, resulted in the softening and embrittlement of the orthorhombic alloy, forming a fine-grained microstructure with an average grain size of 8.3 μm. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the presence of an intermetallic O-phase along the grain boundaries, contributing to a 12 % increase in hardness compared to the orthorhombic alloy without copper after SLM with substrate heating at 850 °C. An alloy containing 4 wt. % copper exhibited superior plastic properties and a tensile strength of 1080 MPa, comparable to the strength of the orthorhombic alloy obtained via SLM followed by hot isostatic pressing.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.