<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">powder</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-308X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8767</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ "МИСИС"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1997-308X-2024-1-62-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">powder-868</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Материалы и покрытия, получаемые методами аддитивных технологий</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Materials and coatings fabricated using the additive manufacturing technologies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аддитивная технология формирования мультиматериальных образцов системы «нержавеющая сталь – высокоэнтропийные сплавы»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Additive technology for forming multi-material samples of “stainless steel – high-entropy alloys” system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5516-9848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масайло</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masaylo</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Валерьевич Масайло – к.т.н., заместитель заведую­щего лабораторией «Синтез новых материалов и конструкций»</p><p>Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Masaylo – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Deputy Head of the Laboratory “Synthesis of new materials and structures”</p><p>29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmasaylo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3157-3317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Репнин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Repnin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арсений Вячеславович Репнин – инженер лаборатории «Синтез новых материалов и конструкций»</p><p>Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arseniy V. Repnin – Engineer of the Laboratory “Synthesis of new materials and structures”</p><p>29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">repnin_arseniy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5974-6654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попович</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popovich</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Анатольевич Попович – д.т.н., профессор, директор Института машиностроения, материалов и транспорта </p><p>Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly A. Popovich – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Director of the Institute of Machinery, Materials, and Transport</p><p>29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">popovicha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7147-6239</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разумов</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razumov</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Геннадьевич Разумов – к.т.н., заведующий лабораторией «Синтез новых материалов и конструкций»</p><p>Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai G. Razumov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Laboratory “Synthesis of new materials and structures”</p><p>29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.razumov@onti.spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-0869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазеева</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazeeva</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алина Константиновна Мазеева – к.т.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории «Синтез новых материалов и конст­рукций»</p><p>Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina K. Mazeeva – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher of the Labo­ratory “Synthesis of new materials and structures”</p><p>29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mazeevaalina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Масайло Д.В., Репнин А.В., Попович А.А., Разумов Н.Г., Мазеева А.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Масайло Д.В., Репнин А.В., Попович А.А., Разумов Н.Г., Мазеева А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Masaylo D.V., Repnin A.V., Popovich A.A., Razumov N.G., Mazeeva A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/868">https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/868</self-uri><abstract><p>Метод нанесения металлической пасты имеет ряд преимуществ при изготовлении мультиматериалов по сравнению с другими видами аддитивных технологий. Ведутся исследования получения мультиматериалов данным методом, но их количество не так велико. В связи с этим перспективной задачей является расширение исследовательской базы изучения мультиматериалов, получаемых методом нанесения металлической пасты. Целью данной работы являлось исследование образцов мультиматериальной системы сталь 316L–CoCrFeMnNiW0,25 и сталь 316L–CrMoNbWV, полученных из металлической пасты. Проводились исследования формирования мультиматериальных образцов, а также анализ пористости, микроструктуры, фазового состава и твердости металлической пасты из стали 316L после спекания. В результате были сделаны следующие выводы: при формировании мультиматериальных образцов системы 316L–CoCrFeMnNiW0,25 нет необходимости формирования переходной зоны из смеси порошков стали 316L и CoCrFeMnNiW0,25 , так как в ней происходит сильное смешивание двух сплавов. В системе 316L–CrMoNbWV имеется необходимость формирования переходной зоны из смеси порошков, так как это снизит влияние неравномерной усадки. Режимы спекания для мультиматериальных образцов системы 316L–CoCrFeMnNiW0,25 должны быть изменены по сравнению с режимами для чистых сплавов – температура снижена на 30–45 °С по сравнению с режимами спекания стали 316L. Образец, полученный после спекания металлической пасты из стали 316L, имеет крупные и мелкие сферические поры. Для уменьшения количества подобного рода дефектов можно использовать дегазацию. Кроме того, снижение пористости может быть достигнуто за счет горячего изостатического прессования после спекания. После спекания металлической пасты из стали 316L микроструктура представляет собой очень крупные зерна аустенита с крайне небольшим количеством феррита, скапливающегося по границам зерен.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Metal Paste Deposition (MPD) method offers several advantages in producing multi-materials compared to other additive technologies. While there have been studies conducted on multi-material production using this method, they are limited. Hence, a significant objective is to expand the research scope concerning multi-materials produced through the MPD method. This study aimed to examine samples of multi-material systems comprising 316L steel with CoCrFeMnNiW0.25 and 316L steel with CrMoNbWV obtained from metal paste. The investigation involved forming multi-material samples and analyzing the porosity, microstructure, phase composition, and hardness of the 316L steel metal paste after sintering. The findings lead to several conclusions: when forming multi-material samples of the 316L–CoCrFeMnNiW0.25 system, there is no necessity to create a transition zone using mixed 316L steel and CoCrFeMnNiW0.25 powders, as these alloys mix strongly within it. However, in the 316L–CrMoNbWV system, forming a transition zone of mixed powders is necessary to mitigate the effects of uneven shrinkage. Altering the sintering modes for multi-material samples of the 316L–CoCrFeMnNiW0.25 system is recommended; the temperature should be reduced by 30–45 °C compared to the sintering modes for 316L steel. After sintering the metal paste derived from 316L steel, the resulting sample exhibits large and small spherical pores. To minimize these defects, degassing can be employed. Additionally, reducing porosity can be achieved through hot isostatic pressing post-sintering. The microstructure following the sintering of the metal paste from 316L steel consists of coarse austenite grains with minimal ferrite accumulation at the grain interface.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аддитивные технологии</kwd><kwd>нанесение металлической пасты</kwd><kwd>мультиматериалы</kwd><kwd>высокоэнтропийные сплавы</kwd><kwd>сталь 316L</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>additive technologies</kwd><kwd>metal paste deposition</kwd><kwd>multi-materials</kwd><kwd>high-entropy alloys</kwd><kwd>316L steel</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (Соглашение о предоставлении субсидии № 075-03-2023-004).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (State Assignment for basic research 075-03-2023-004).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akshaya S.L., Prakash A., Bharati Raj J. Applications of functionally graded materials in structural engineering – A review. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. 2021;97:553–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55115-5_51</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akshaya S.L., Prakash A., Bharati Raj J. Applications of functionally graded materials in structural engineering – A review. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. 2021;97:553–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55115-5_51</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghanavati R., Naffakh-Moosavy H. Additive manufacturing of functionally graded metallic materials: A review of experimental and numerical studies. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2021;13:1628–1664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.05.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghanavati R., Naffakh-Moosavy H. Additive manufacturing of functionally graded metallic materials: A review of experimental and numerical studies. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2021;13:1628–1664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.05.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bandyopadhyay A., Zhang Y., Onuike B. Additive manufacturing of bimetallic structures. SN Applied Sciences. 2020;17(2):256–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2918-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bandyopadhyay A., Zhang Y., Onuike B. Additive manufacturing of bimetallic structures. SN Applied Sciences. 2020;17(2):256–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-2918-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bandyopadhyay A., Traxel K.D., Lang M., Juhasz M., Eliaz N., Bose S. Alloy design via additive manufacturing: Advantages, challenges, applications and perspectives. Materials Today. 2022;52:207–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2021.11.026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bandyopadhyay A., Traxel K.D., Lang M., Juhasz M., Eliaz N., Bose S. Alloy design via additive manufacturing: Advantages, challenges, applications and perspectives. Materials Today. 2022;52:207–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2021.11.026</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El-Galy I.M., Saleh B.I., Ahmed M.H. Functionally graded materials classifications and development trends from industrial point of view. SN Applied Sciences. 2019;1:1378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1413-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">El-Galy I.M., Saleh B.I., Ahmed M.H. Functionally graded materials classifications and development trends from industrial point of view. SN Applied Sciences. 2019;1:1378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1413-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saleh B., Jiang J., Fathi R., Al-hababi T., Xu Q., Wang L., Song D., Ma A. 30 Years of functionally graded materials: An overview of manufacturing methods, applications and future challenges. Composites. Part B: Engineering. 2020;201:108376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108376</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saleh B., Jiang J., Fathi R., Al-hababi T., Xu Q., Wang L., Song D., Ma A. 30 Years of functionally graded materials: An overview of manufacturing methods, applications and future challenges. Composites. Part B: Engineering. 2020;201:108376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108376</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu G., Zhang X., Chen X., He Y., Cheng L., Huo M., Yin J., Hao F., Chen S., Wang P., Yi S., Wan L., Mao Z., Chen Z., Wang X., Cao Z., Lu J. Additive manufacturing of structural materials. Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports. 2021 1;145:100596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2020.100596</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu G., Zhang X., Chen X., He Y., Cheng L., Huo M., Yin J., Hao F., Chen S., Wang P., Yi S., Wan L., Mao Z., Chen Z., Wang X., Cao Z., Lu J. Additive manufacturing of structural materials. Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports. 2021 1;145:100596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2020.100596</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhai X., Jin L., Jiang J. A survey of additive manufacturing reviews. Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing. 2022;1(4):21. https://doi.org/10.18063/msam.v1i4.21</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhai X., Jin L., Jiang J. A survey of additive manufacturing reviews. Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing. 2022;1(4):21. https://doi.org/10.18063/msam.v1i4.21</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Srivastava M., Rathee S., Patel V., Kumar A., Koppad P.G. A review of various materials for additive manufacturing: Recent trends and processing issues. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2022;21:2612–2641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.10.015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Srivastava M., Rathee S., Patel V., Kumar A., Koppad P.G. A review of various materials for additive manufacturing: Recent trends and processing issues. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2022;21:2612–2641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.10.015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang X., Liang E. Metal additive manufacturing in aircraft: Current application, opportunities and challenges. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019;493(1):012032. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/493/1/012032</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang X., Liang E. Metal additive manufacturing in aircraft: Current application, opportunities and challenges. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019;493(1):012032. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/493/1/012032</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gunasekaran J., Sevvel P., Solomon I.J. Metallic materials fabrication by selective laser melting: A review. Materials Today Proceedings. 2021;37(2):252–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.162</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gunasekaran J., Sevvel P., Solomon I.J. Metallic materials fabrication by selective laser melting: A review. Materials Today Proceedings. 2021;37(2):252–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.162</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nandhakumar R., Venkatesan K. A process parameters review on selective laser melting-based additive manufacturing of single and multi-material: Microstructure, physical properties, tribological, and surface roughness. Mate­rials Today Communications. 2023;35:105538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.105538</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nandhakumar R., Venkatesan K. A process parameters review on selective laser melting-based additive manufacturing of single and multi-material: Microstructure, physical properties, tribological, and surface roughness. Materials Today Communications. 2023;35:105538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.105538</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Camargo I.L., Fortulan C.A., Colorado H.A. A review on the ceramic additive manufacturing technologies and availability of equipment and materials. Cerâmica. 2022;68:329–347. https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132022683873331</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Camargo I.L., Fortulan C.A., Colorado H.A. A review on the ceramic additive manufacturing technologies and availability of equipment and materials. Cerâmica. 2022;68:329–347. https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132022683873331</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saadi M., Maguire A., Pottackal N.T., Thakur M., Ikram M., Hart A.J., Ajayan P., Rahman M. Direct Ink Writing: A 3D printing technology for diverse materials. Advanced Materials. 2022;34(28): 2108855. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202108855</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saadi M., Maguire A., Pottackal N.T., Thakur M., Ikram M., Hart A.J., Ajayan P., Rahman M. Direct Ink Writing: A 3D printing technology for diverse materials. Advanced Materials. 2022;34(28): 2108855. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202108855</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agrawal R., Anantachaisilp F., Tirano J., Zea Ramirez H., Marquez Z., Luhrs C. Paste-based 3D printing of metallic materials: effect of binders and precursor sizes. Materials Research Express. 2019;6(10):106561. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab3996</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agrawal R., Anantachaisilp F., Tirano J., Zea Ramirez H., Marquez Z., Luhrs C. Paste-based 3D printing of metallic materials: effect of binders and precursor sizes. Materials Research Express. 2019;6(10):106561. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab3996</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rocha V.G., Saiz E., Tirichenko I.S., García-Tuñón E. Direct ink writing advances in multi-material structures for a sustainable future. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2020;8(31):15646–15657. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TA04181E</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rocha V.G., Saiz E., Tirichenko I.S., García-Tuñón E. Direct ink writing advances in multi-material structures for a sustainable future. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2020;8(31):15646–15657. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TA04181E</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu W., Zhang Y.S., Heinrich M.A., Ferrari F., Jang H.L., Bakht S.M., Alvarez M.M., Yang J., Li Y.-C., Santiago G. Trujillo-de, Miri A.K., Zhu K., Khoshakhlagh P., Prakash G., Cheng H., Guan X., Zhong Z., Ju J., Zhu G.H., Jin X., Shin S.R., Dokmeci M.R., Khademhosseini A. Rapid continuous multimaterial extrusion bioprinting. Advanced Materials. 2017;29(3):1604630. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201604630</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu W., Zhang Y.S., Heinrich M.A., Ferrari F., Jang H.L., Bakht S.M., Alvarez M.M., Yang J., Li Y.-C., Santiago G. Trujillo-de, Miri A.K., Zhu K., Khoshakhlagh P., Prakash G., Cheng H., Guan X., Zhong Z., Ju J., Zhu G.H., Jin X., Shin S.R., Dokmeci M.R., Khademhosseini A. Rapid continuous multimaterial extrusion bioprinting. Advanced Materials. 2017;29(3):1604630. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201604630</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu C., Quinn B., Lebel L.L., Therriault D., L’espérance G. Multi-material Direct Ink Writing (DIW) for complex 3D metallic structures with removable supports. ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces. 2019;11(8):8499–8506. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b19986</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu C., Quinn B., Lebel L.L., Therriault D., L’espérance G. Multi-material Direct Ink Writing (DIW) for complex 3D metallic structures with removable supports. ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces. 2019;11(8):8499–8506. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b19986</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rocha V.G., García-Tuñón E., Botas C., Markouli­dis F., Feilden E., D’Elia E., Ni N., Shaffer M., Eduardo Saiz E. Multimaterial 3D printing of graphene-based elect­rodes for electrochemical energy storage using thermoresponsive inks. ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces. 2017;9(42):37136–37145. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b10285</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rocha V.G., García-Tuñón E., Botas C., Markoulidis F., Feilden E., D’Elia E., Ni N., Shaffer M., Eduardo Saiz E. Multimaterial 3D printing of graphene-based electrodes for electrochemical energy storage using thermoresponsive inks. ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces. 2017;9(42):37136–37145. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b10285</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sokkalingam R., Chao Z., Sivaprasad K., Muthupandi V., Jayaraj J., Ramasamy P., Eckert J., Prashanth K.G. Additive manufacturing of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy/AISI 316L stainless steel bimetallic structures. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2022;25(7):2200341. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202200341</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokkalingam R., Chao Z., Sivaprasad K., Muthupandi V., Jayaraj J., Ramasamy P., Eckert J., Prashanth K.G. Additive manufacturing of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy/AISI 316L stainless steel bimetallic structures. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2022;25(7):2200341. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202200341</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Razumov N., Makhmutov T., Kim A., Shemyakinsky B., Shakhmatov A., Popovich V., Popovich A. Refractory CrMoNbWV high-entropy alloy manufactured by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering: Evolution of microstructure and properties. Materials. 2021;14(3):621. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14030621</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Razumov N., Makhmutov T., Kim A., Shemyakinsky B., Shakhmatov A., Popovich V., Popovich A. Refractory CrMoNbWV high-entropy alloy manufactured by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering: Evolution of microstructure and properties. Materials. 2021;14(3):621. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14030621</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Makhmutov T., Razumov N., Kim A., Ozerskoy N., Mazeeva A., Popovich A. Synthesis of CoCrFeNiMnW0.25 high-entropy alloy powders by mechanical alloying and plasma spheroidization processes for additive manufacturing. Metals and Materials International. 2021;27(1):50–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-020-00747-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makhmutov T., Razumov N., Kim A., Ozerskoy N., Mazeeva A., Popovich A. Synthesis of CoCrFeNiMnW0.25 high-entropy alloy powders by mechanical alloying and plasma spheroidization processes for additive manufacturing. Metals and Materials International. 2021;27(1):50–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-020-00747-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wits W.W., Amsterdam E. Graded structures by multi-material mixing in laser powder bed fusion. CIRP Annals. 2021;70(1):159–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2021.03.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wits W.W., Amsterdam E. Graded structures by multi-material mixing in laser powder bed fusion. CIRP Annals. 2021;70(1):159–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2021.03.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen K., Wang C., Hong Q., Wen S., Zhou Y., Yan C., Shi Y. Selective laser melting 316L/CuSn10 multi-materials: Processing optimization, interfacial characterization and mechanical property. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2020;283:116701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116701</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen K., Wang C., Hong Q., Wen S., Zhou Y., Yan C., Shi Y. Selective laser melting 316L/CuSn10 multi-materials: Processing optimization, interfacial characterization and mechanical property. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2020;283:116701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116701</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wei C., Li L. Recent progress and scientific challenges in multi-material additive manufacturing via laser-based powder bed fusion. Virtual and Physical Prototyping. 2021;16(3):347–371.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wei C., Li L. Recent progress and scientific challenges in multi-material additive manufacturing via laser-based powder bed fusion. Virtual and Physical Prototyping. 2021;16(3):347–371.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pichler P., Simonds B.J., Sowards J.W., Pottlacher G. Measurements of thermophysical properties of solid and liquid NIST SRM 316L stainless steel. Journal of Mate­rials Science. 2020;55(9):4081–4093. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-04261-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pichler P., Simonds B.J., Sowards J.W., Pottlacher G. Measurements of thermophysical properties of solid and liquid NIST SRM 316L stainless steel. Journal of Materials Science. 2020;55(9):4081–4093. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-04261-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Santamaria R., Salasi M., Bakhtiari S., Leadbeater G., Iannuzzi M., Quadir M.Z. Microstructure and mechanical behaviour of 316L stainless steel produced using sinter-based extrusion additive manufacturing. Journal of Materials Science. 2022;57(21):9646–9662. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06828-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Santamaria R., Salasi M., Bakhtiari S., Leadbeater G., Iannuzzi M., Quadir M.Z. Microstructure and mechanical behaviour of 316L stainless steel produced using sinter-based extrusion additive manufacturing. Journal of Materials Science. 2022;57(21):9646–9662. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06828-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cabo Rios A., Hryha E., Olevsky E., Harlin P. Sintering anisotropy of binder jetted 316L stainless steel: part II – microstructure evolution during sintering. Powder Metallurgy. 2022;65(4):283–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2021.2020486</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cabo Rios A., Hryha E., Olevsky E., Harlin P. Sintering anisotropy of binder jetted 316L stainless steel: part II – microstructure evolution during sintering. Powder Metallurgy. 2022;65(4):283–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2021.2020486</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sadaf M., Bragaglia M., Nanni F. A simple route for additive manufacturing of 316L stainless steel via Fused Filament Fabrication. Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2021;67:141–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.04.055</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sadaf M., Bragaglia M., Nanni F. A simple route for additive manufacturing of 316L stainless steel via Fused Filament Fabrication. Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2021;67:141–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.04.055</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park D.Y., Lee S.W., Park S.J., Kwon Y-S., Otsuka I. Effects of particle sizes on sintering behavior of 316L stainless steel powder. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 2013;44: 1508–1518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1477-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park D.Y., Lee S.W., Park S.J., Kwon Y-S., Otsuka I. Effects of particle sizes on sintering behavior of 316L stainless steel powder. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 2013;44: 1508–1518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1477-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krakhmalev P., Fredriksson G., Svensson K., Yadroi­tsev I., Yadroitsava I., Thuvander M., Thuvander M., Peng R. Microstructure, solidification texture, and thermal stability of 316L stainless steel manufactured by laser powder bed fusion. Metals. 2018;8(8):643. https://doi.org/10.3390/met8080643</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krakhmalev P., Fredriksson G., Svensson K., Yadroitsev I., Yadroitsava I., Thuvander M., Thuvander M., Peng R. Microstructure, solidification texture, and thermal stability of 316L stainless steel manufactured by laser powder bed fusion. Metals. 2018;8(8):643. https://doi.org/10.3390/met8080643</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
