powderИзвестия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытияPowder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)1997-308X2412-8767НИТУ "МИСИС"10.17073/1997-308X-2024-2-61-70powder-883Research ArticleМатериалы и покрытия, получаемые методами аддитивных технологийMaterials and coatings fabricated using the additive manufacturing technologiesПреобразование стереолитографических прототипов в металлические или керамические модели замещением полимера порошковым титаномTransforming stereolithographic prototypes into metal or ceramic models by polymer substitution with titanium powderhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1054-2615МарковМ. А.MarkovM. A.

Михаил Александрович Марков – науч. сотрудник

Россия, 123182, г. Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1

Mikhail A. Markov – Researcher

1 Kurchatov Sqr., Moscow 123182, Russia

Lc250@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0502-9681ЧеребылоС. А.CherebyloS. A.

Светлана Александровна Черебыло – науч. сотрудник

Россия, 123182, г. Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1

Svetlana A. Cherebylo – Researcher

1 Kurchatov Sqr., Moscow 123182, Russia

Svetlana.cherebylo@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0622-6727ИпполитовЕ. В.IppolitovE. V.

Евгений Викторович Ипполитов – науч. сотрудник

Россия, 123182, г. Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1

Evgeniy V. Ippolitov – Researcher

1 Kurchatov Sqr., Moscow 123182, Russia

ippevg@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7423-1264КамаевС. В.KamaevS. V.

Сергей Валентинович Камаев – науч. сотрудник

Россия, 123182, г. Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1

Sergey V. Kamaev – Researcher

1 Kurchatov Sqr., Moscow 123182, Russia

ksv6@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-793XНовиковМ. М.NovikovM. M.

Михаил Михайлович Новиков – ст. науч. сотрудник

Россия, 123182, г. Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1

Mikhail M. Novikov – Senior Researcher

1 Kurchatov Sqr., Moscow 123182, Russia

novikov@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-6626ВнукВ. В.VnukV. V.

Вячеслав Владимирович Внук – мл. науч. сотрудник

Россия, 123182, г. Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, 1

Vyacheslav V. Vnuk – Junior Researcher

1 Kurchatov Sqr., Moscow 123182, Russia

ren651@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский институт»РоссияNational Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”Russian Federation2024170420241826170Copyright © НИТУ "МИСИС", 20242024НИТУ "МИСИС"НИТУ "МИСИС"https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/883

В работе экспериментально подтверждена возможность расширения области использования стереолитографических прототипов. Предложены два способа изготовления пластиковых прототипов, позволяющие впоследствии заместить полимерный материал моделей на металл или керамику. Первый из рассмотренных способов предполагает дополнительные действия конструктора, проектирующего прототип на стадии моделирования, второй – заключается во внесении изменений в технологические процессы подготовки модели и изготовления прототипа на стереолитографической установке. Замещение материала происходит в две стадии. Первая – это холодное заполнение полостей в прототипе порошковым материалом или его смесью с водой. В качестве тестового материала был выбран порошок титана, хотя предлагаемая технология подразумевает возможность использования широкого спектра порошковых материалов – как металлических, так и керамических. Вторая стадия – последующий отжиг. При этом происходят удаление полимера и спекание металлического порошка с сохранением исходной формы и размеров прототипа. Термическая обработка полученных прототипов проводилась как в атмосфере аргона, так и при свободном доступе атмосферного воздуха. Использование различных газовых сред может приводить к протеканию химических преобразований в составе материала, заполняющего прототип. Проведенные эксперименты позволяют сделать вывод о перспективности дальнейшего технологического развития представленных подходов. Также не исключается возможность соединения двух рассмотренных способов в один для достижения оптимального конечного результата. Полученные данные могут способствовать расширению области использования стереолитографических установок – наиболее точных, распространенных и доступных машин на данный момент из широкого типоряда аддитивных аналогов.

The presented paper experimentally demonstrates the potential expansion of stereolithographic prototype utilization. Two methods for manufacturing plastic prototypes are proposed, enabling the subsequent substitution of the polymer material with either metal or ceramics. The first method involves additional actions by the prototype designer during the modeling stage. The second method necessitates alterations in the technological processes of model preparation and prototype manufacturing using a stereolithography apparatus. Material substitution occurs in two stages. Initially, cavities in the prototype are filled with powder material or a mixture of powder and water. Although titanium powder was chosen as the test material, the proposed technology permits the utilization of a broad spectrum of powder materials, encompassing both metallic and ceramic options. The subsequent stage involves heat treatment, where the polymer is eliminated, and the metal powder is sintered while retaining the original shape and dimensions of the prototype. Heat treatment of the acquired prototypes was conducted in both argon and atmospheric air environments. The utilization of different gas media might induce chemical transformations in the material filling the prototype. The experiments lead to the conclusion that the proposed approaches show promise and merit further development. Additionally, we contemplate amalgamating the two methods in the future to attain an optimized final outcome. The data we have gathered could significantly contribute to broadening the scope of stereolithography applications, given that this technology presently represents one of the most precise, widespread, and accessible additive manufacturing methods.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.