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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">powder</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-308X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8767</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ "МИСИС"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/1997-308X-2024-3-28-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">powder-892</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Тугоплавкие, керамические и композиционные материалы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Refractory, Ceramic, and Composite Materials</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности метода секущих, используемого для определения размера зерна в сплавах WC–Co</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the linear intercept method used for measuring the grain size in WC–Co hardmetals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1250-173X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Песин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pesin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Абрамович Песин – вед. специалист испытательной лаборатории № 1</p><p>Россия, 194156, г. Санкт-Петербург, пр-т Энгельса, 27Р</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim A. Pesin – Leading Expert at the testing laboratory No. 1</p><p>27 Bld. R Engels Prosp., Saint-Petersburg 194156, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">PesinVA@virial.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4632-8816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Владимировна Васильева – инженер испытательной лаборатории № 1</p><p>Россия, 194156, г. Санкт-Петербург, пр-т Энгельса, 27Р</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya V. Vasilyeva – Engineer at the testing laboratory No. 1</p><p>27 Bld. R Engels Prosp., Saint-Petersburg 194156, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">VasilyevaMV@virial.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8712-908X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осмаков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osmakov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Сергеевич Осмаков – к.т.н., начальник испытательной лаборатории № 1</p><p>Россия, 194156, г. Санкт-Петербург, пр-т Энгельса, 27Р</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey S. Osmakov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the testing laboratory No. 1</p><p>27 Bld. R Engels Prosp., Saint-Petersburg 194156, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">OsmakovAS@virial.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Вириал»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“Virial” Ltd.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Песин В.А., Васильева М.В., Осмаков А.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Песин В.А., Васильева М.В., Осмаков А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pesin V.A., Vasilyeva M.V., Osmakov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/892">https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/892</self-uri><abstract><p>На ряде сплавов WC–Co с различной шириной распределения зерен WC по размерам проведены измерения средних размеров зерен методом секущих (L) и планиметрическим методом (dдж ), а также эквивалентных диаметров (dэкв ) и средних хорд (dх ) на всех зернах и отдельно на зернах, лежащих на секущих. Установлено, что как значения средних размеров, так и распределения по размерам зерен, лежащих на секущих, и всех зерен не совпадают. Это обусловлено правилом проведения секущих в методе секущих и связанным с ним «затенением» мелких зерен крупными. Показано, что отношение средних размеров всех зерен к средним размерам зерен на линиях можно описать с использованием «теневой» функции S, зависящей от коэффициента вариации (cv ) распределения зерен WC по размерам, в виде d в/d л = 1 – S. Экспериментальные соотношения между средним эквивалентным диаметром dэкв и средним размером зерна по методу секущих L описываются выражением dэкв /L = 1,4(1 – S), а соотношения между средним размером зерна dдж и L – выражением dдж /L = 1,4(1 – S)\(\sqrt {1 + c_{\rm{v}}^2} \). Анализ распределений зерен по величине эквивалентных диаметров и средних хорд показал, что они в одинаковой степени описывают распределение зерен сплава по размерам. Распределение случайных хорд по длине, получаемое в методе секущих, не соответствует распределению зерен сплава по размерам из-за теневого эффекта и из-за того, что распределение длин случайных хорд всегда шире распределения средних хорд зерен. Показано, что распределение длин случайных хорд является сверткой функции распределения зерен по размерам и функцией, связанной с формой зерен.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Several WC–Co hardmetals with varying WC grain size distributions were analyzed to measure the mean grain size using the linear intercept (L) and planimetric (dJ ) methods. Additional measurements included the equivalent diameter (deq ) and mean chords (dch ) for all grains, and separately, for grains intersected by the line. The findings show that mean sizes and size distributions of grains intersected by the line differ from those of all grains. This discrepancy is attributed to the linear intercept method’s rule for drawing secants, leading to “shadowing” where finer grains are obscured by coarser ones. The relationship between the mean sizes of all grains and those intersected by the line can be quantified using the “shadow” function S, which depends on the coefficient of variation (cv ) of the WC grain size distribution, as d a/d l = 1 – S. Experimental data illustrate that the mean equivalent diameter deq correlates with the linear intercept method L through equation deq /L = 1.4(1 – S), and the relationship between the mean grain size dJ and L are described by the equation dJ /L = 1.4(1 – S)\(\sqrt {1 + c_{\rm{v}}^2} \). The analysis of grain distributions by the equivalent diameters and mean chords showed that they equally describe the alloy grain size distribution. The length distribution of random chords obtained using the linear intercept method differs from the alloy grain size distribution due to the shadow effect, and also because the length distribution of random chords is always broader than the mean grain chord distribution. It is demonstrated that the length distribution of random chords is a convolution of the grain size distribution function and a function related to the grain shape.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>размер зерна</kwd><kwd>распределение зерен по размерам</kwd><kwd>метод секущих</kwd><kwd>планиметрический метод</kwd><kwd>теневой эффект</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>grain size</kwd><kwd>grain size distribution</kwd><kwd>linear intercept method</kwd><kwd>planimetric method</kwd><kwd>shadow effect</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee H.C., Gurland J. 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