powderИзвестия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытияPowder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)1997-308X2412-8767НИТУ "МИСИС"10.17073/1997-308X-2024-3-62-70powder-896Research ArticleМатериалы и покрытия, получаемые методами аддитивных технологийMaterials and coatings fabricated using the additive manufacturing technologiesОсобенности получения образцов сплава TiNi методом СЛС из коммерческих порошков с повышенным содержанием кислородаFeatures of obtaining TiNi alloy samples from commercial powders with high oxygen content using the SLM techniquehttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-8830-9887ФарберЭ. М.FarberE. M.

Эдуард Михайлович Фарбер – инженер лаборатории «Синтез новых материалов и конструкций»

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Eduard M. Farber – Engineer of the Laboratory “Synthesis of new materials and structures”

29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russia

d.farber2010@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2464-6706БорисовЕ. В.BorisovE. V.

Евгений Владиславович Борисов – к.т.н., вед. науч. сотрудник лаборатории «Синтез новых материалов и конструкций»

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Evgenii V. Borisov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory “Synthesis of new materials and structures”

29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russia

evgenii.borisov@icloud.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5974-6654ПоповичА. А.PopovichA. A.

Анатолий Анатольевич Попович – д.т.н., профессор, директор Института машиностроения, материалов и транспорта 

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Anatoly A. Popovich – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Director of the Institute of Machinery, Materials and Transport

29 Polytekhnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russia

popovicha@mail.ruСанкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра ВеликогоРоссияPeter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic UniversityRussian Federation2024170620241836270Copyright © Фарбер Э.М., Борисов Е.В., Попович А.А., 20242024Фарбер Э.М., Борисов Е.В., Попович А.А.Farber E.M., Borisov E.V., Popovich A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/896

Аддитивные технологии, в частности метод селективного лазерного плавления (СЛС, или SLM), позволяют изготавливать изделия со сложной геометрией. С помощью СЛС можно эффективно расширить области применения никелида титана. Однако процесс СЛС является комплексным – множество факторов оказывают серьезное влияние на характеристики получаемого сплава. В процессе лазерной обработки материала в технологии СЛС происходит снижение содержания никеля в составе сплава за счет испарения, что может приводить к изменению температур мартенситных превращений. Регулирование данного влияния на результирующие характеристики сплава возможно за счет изменения параметров процесса СЛС. Цель работы состояла в разработке технологических режимов изготовления образцов из двух коммерческих порошков сплава TiNi методом СЛС и анализе факторов, влияющих на наличие дефектов в полученных образцах. При этом для снижения возможного испарения никеля в процессе печати применялись технологические режимы с невысокими значениями объемной плотности энергии. Исходные порошки исследованы на наличие примесей или иных факторов, влияющих на качество изготавливаемых образцов. В результате проведенного исследования для используемого порошка 1 разработан технологический режим А4, с помощью которого изготовлен бездефектный образец, плотность которого составила 6,45 г/см3. Установлено, что ни один из применяемых режимов не позволил получить бездефектный образец из порошка 2 ввиду наличия в нем большого количества примесей кислорода, в частности вторичной фазы Ti4Ni2Oх , приводящей к охрупчиванию и разрушению образцов. Следовательно, высокое содержание кислорода в исходных порошках отрицательно влияет на результаты изготовления образцов методом СЛС.

Additive technologies, in particular selective laser melting (SLM), enable to manufacture the products with complex geo­metries. The SLM technique can help to effectively expand the titanium nickelide scope of application. However, SLM is a complex process – numerous factors significantly affect the characteristics of the resulting alloy. When the SLM technique is used, as the material is subject to laser processing, the content of nickel in the alloy drops due to evaporation, which can lead to changes in the tempe­ratures of martensitic transformations. This impact on the resulting alloy characteristics can be regulated by changing the para­meters of the SLM process. The objective of our research was to develop the processing methods for manufacturing samples from two commercial TiNi alloy powders using the SLM technique and to analyze the factors causing defects in the obtained samples. At the same time, processing methods with low values of volumetric energy density were used to reduce possible evaporation of nickel during printing. The initial powders were examined for the presence of impurities or other factors affecting the quality of the manufactured samples. The processing method A4 that we have developed for powder 1 enables to obtain a defect-free sample with the density of 6.45 g/cm3. It was found that none of the processing methods used enabled to obtain a defect-free sample from powder 2 due to presence of a large amount of oxygen impurities, including in particular Ti4Ni2Oх secondary phase, which leads to embrittlement and destruction of the samples. Therefore, high content of oxygen in the initial powders has a negative impact on the quality of the samples manufactured using the SLM technique.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.