powderИзвестия вузов. Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытияPowder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya)1997-308X2412-8767НИТУ "МИСИС"10.17073/1997-308X-2025-2-15-23powder-976Research ArticleПроцессы получения и свойства порошковProduction Processes and Properties of PowdersОптимизация параметров смешивания порошков системы Al–Sn–Pb для использования при селективном лазерном сплавленииOptimization of powder mixing parameters for the Al–Sn–Pb system for use in selective laser meltinghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3204-250XАкимовК. О.AkimovK. O.

Кирилл Олегович Акимов – к.т.н., науч. сотрудник лаборатории физики консолидации порошковых материалов

Россия, 634055, г. Томск, пр-т Академический, 2/4

Kirill O. Akimov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Research Associate of the Laboratory of Powder Materials Consolidation Physics

2/4 Akademichesky Prosp., Tomsk 634055, Russia

akimov_ko@ispms.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2506-9437СкоренцевА. Л.SkorentsevA. L.

Александр Леонидович Скоренцев – к.т.н., науч. сотрудник лаборатории физики консолидации порошковых материалов, ИФПМ СО РАН; инженер отделения экспериментальной физики инженерной школы ядерных технологий, Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет (ТПУ)

Россия, 634055, г. Томск, пр-т Академический, 2/4

Россия, 634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 30

Alexander L. Skorentsev – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Research Associate of the Laboratory of Powder Materials Consolidation Physics, ISPMS SB RAS; Engineer of the Department of Experimental Physics, School of Nuclear Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU)

2/4 Akademichesky Prosp., Tomsk 634055, Russia

30 Lenina Prosp., Tomsk 634050, Russia

skoralexan@ispms.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-7895РусинН. М.RusinN. M.

Николай Мартемьянович Русин – к.т.н., ст. науч. сотрудник лаборатории физики консолидации порошковых материалов

Россия, 634055, г. Томск, пр-т Академический, 2/4

Nikolay M. Rusin – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Research Scientist of the Laboratory of Powder Materials Consolidation Physics

2/4 Akademichesky Prosp., Tomsk 634055, Russia

rusinnm@ispms.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-4713-3663ЛихаревВ. Е.LikharevV. E.

Вадим Евгеньевич Лихарев – инженер лаборатории физики консолидации порошковых материалов, ИФПМ СО РАН; студент инженерной школы новых производственных материалов, ТПУ

Россия, 634055, г. Томск, пр-т Академический, 2/4

Россия, 634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 30

Vadim E. Likharev – Engineer of the Laboratory of Powder Mate­rials Consolidation Physics, ISPMS SB RAS; Student of the engineering school of new production materials, TPU

2/4 Akademichesky Prosp., Tomsk 634055, Russia

30 Lenina Prosp., Tomsk 634050, Russia

vel6@tpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0980-0317НиконовА. Ю.NikonovA. Yu.

Антон Юрьевич Никонов – к.ф.-м.н., науч. сотрудник лаборатории компьютерного конструирования материалов, ИФПМ СО РАН; доцент кафедры физики металлов физического факультета, Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет (ТГУ)

Россия, 634055, г. Томск, пр-т Академический, 2/4

Россия, 634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 36

Anton Yu. Nikonov – Cand. Sci. (Phys.Math.), Research Associate of the Laboratory of Computer-Aided Design of Materials, ISPMS SB RAS; Associate Professor of the Department of Physics of Metals, Faculty of Physics, National Research Tomsk State University (TSU)

2/4 Akademichesky Prosp., Tomsk 634055, Russia

36 Lenina Prosp., Tomsk 634050, Russia

anickonoff@ispms.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2823-578XДмитриевА. И.DmitrievA. I.

Андрей Иванович Дмитриев – д.ф.-м.н., гл. науч. сотрудник лаборатории физики консолидации порошковых материалов, ИФПМ СО РАН; профессор кафедры физики металлов физичес­кого факультета, ТГУ

Россия, 634055, г. Томск, пр-т Академический, 2/4

Россия, 634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 36

Andrey I. Dmitriev – Dr. Sci. (Phys.Math.), Principal Researcher of the Laboratory of Powder Materials Consolidation Physics, ISPMS SB RAS; Professor of the Department of Physics of Metals, Faculty of Physics, TSU

2/4 Akademichesky Prosp., Tomsk 634055, Russia

36 Lenina Prosp., Tomsk 634050, Russia

dmitr@ispms.ruИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университетРоссияInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университетРоссияInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; National Research Tomsk State UniversityRussian Federation2025210420251921523Copyright © НИТУ "МИСИС", 20252025НИТУ "МИСИС"НИТУ "МИСИС"https://powder.misis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://powder.misis.ru/jour/article/view/976

В работе представлены результаты исследования по оптимизации параметров смешивания порошков системы Al–15Sn–5Pb (об. %) для применения их в технологии селективного лазерного сплавления. Основное внимание уделено обеспечению равномерного распределения частиц мягкой фазы (Sn и Pb), необходимого для получения изделий с однородной структурой и улучшенными триботехническими свойствами. В качестве исходных материалов использовались порошки алюминия (АСД-1), олова (ПО-1) и свинца (ПС-1). Перед смешиванием проводился их просев через сита с размерами ячеек от 50 до 25 мкм. Просеянные порошки имели форму, близкую к сферической, и хорошие характеристики текучести (менее 25 с / 50 г). С использованием метода дискретных элементов и модифицированной модели Герца–Миндлина изучено влияние времени смешивания на степень гомогенности порошковой смеси. Исследования полученных смесей проводились с помощью рентгенофазового, микрорентгеноспектрального и графического методов анализа. Последующая экспериментальная валидация подтвердила достоверность результатов численных расчетов и позволила оценить оптимальные параметры смешения. Установлено, что оптимальное время смешивания, позволяющее получить равномерное распределение исходных порошковых частиц, находится в интервале от 60 до 120 мин. Обнаружено, что сложный характер движения смесителя типа «Турбула» снижает влияние гравитационной сегрегации, улучшая равномерность распределения частиц мягкой фазы (Sn + Pb). Предложенный подход может быть использован для разработки новых методик подготовки порошков для аддитивных технологий и создания композиционных материалов с улучшенными эксплуатационными характеристиками. 

This study presents the results of research on optimizing powder mixing parameters for the Al–15Sn–5Pb (vol. %) system for application in selective laser melting technology. The primary focus is on ensuring the uniform distribution of soft-phase particles (Sn and Pb), which is essential for obtaining products with a homogeneous structure and improved tribological properties. The initial materials used in the study were aluminum (ASD-1), tin (PO-1), and lead (PS-1) powders. Before mixing, the powders were sieved using mesh sizes ranging from 50 to 25 µm. The sieved powders had a nearly spherical shape and good flowability characteristics (less than 25 s / 50 g). The effect of mixing time on the homogeneity of the powder mixture was studied using the discrete element method and a modified Hertz–Mindlin model. The obtained mixtures were analyzed using X-ray phase analysis, micro-X-ray spectral analysis, and graphical analysis methods. Subsequent experimental validation confirmed the reliability of numerical calculations and enabled the assessment of optimal mixing parameters. It was established that the optimal mixing time for achieving a uniform distribution of the initial powder particles falls within the range of 60 to 120 min. It was also found that the complex motion pattern of a Turbula-type mixer reduces the impact of gravitational segregation, thereby improving the uniform distribution of soft-phase particles (Sn + Pb). The proposed approach can be used for developing new powder preparation methods for additive manufacturing technologies and for creating composite materials with enhanced performance characteristics.

селективное лазерное сплавление (СЛС)алюминиевые сплавыантифрикционные сплавыметод дискретных элементовперемешиваниеselective laser melting (SLM)aluminum alloysantifriction alloysdiscrete elements methodmixingРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда [грант № 24-79-10099], https://ias.rscf.ru/user/doc/a.w.p.2024.98.legacy/182272.This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation [Grant No. 24-79-10099], https://ias.rscf.ru/user/doc/a.w.p.2024.98.legacy/182272.ReferencesRalls A., Merbin J., Noud J., Lopez J., LeSourd Kasey, Napier I., Hallas N., Menezes P. Tribological, corrosion, and mechanical properties of selective laser melted steel. Metals. 2022;12(10):1732. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12101732Ralls A., Merbin J., Noud J., Lopez J., LeSourd Kasey, Napier I., Hallas N., Menezes P. Tribological, corrosion, and mechanical properties of selective laser melted steel. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.