Fabrication and oxidation resistance of the non-stoichiometric tantalum-hafnium carbonitride
https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308X-2022-3-45-54
Abstract
This research was conducted to obtain non-stoichiometric tantalum-hafnium carbonitride powder of the Fm3m (225) structural type using a combination of mechanical activation (MA) and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) methods. Mechanical activation for 60 min in a low-energy mode (347 rpm) forms Ta/Hf/C composite particles 1 to 20 μm in size with a layered structure and contributes to a uniform distribution of elements. SHS of a mechanically activated Ta + Hf + C mixture in a nitrogen atmosphere (0.8 MPa) leads to the formation of a single-phase tantalum-hafnium carbonitride powder with the Ta0.25Hf0.75C0.5N0.3 composition where particles feature by a ≪spongy≫ morphology with pores and caverns and consist of submicron grains. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to obtain a bulk sample of tantalum-hafnium carbonitride with a grain size of 3 to 5 μm, relative density of 98.2 Ѓ} 0.3 %, hardness of 19.8 Ѓ} 0.2 GPa, and crack resistance of 5.4 Ѓ} 0.4 MPa・m1/2. The kinetics of (Ta,Hf)CN oxidation at 1200 °C in air is described by a parabolic law suggesting the formation of an Hf6Ta2O17 + mHfO2 oxide layer with a low oxygen diffusion rate where the oxidation rate is 0.006 mg/(cm2・s). A (Ta,Hf)CN oxidation mechanism is proposed, which states that Ta2O5 and HfO2 are formed on the surface of grains at the first stage that react with each other at the second stage to form a Hf6Ta2O17 homologous superstructure and monoclinic HfO2. CO, CO2, NO and NO2 gaseous oxidation products are released with the formation of pores and cracks.
Keywords
carbonitride,
mechanical activation,
self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS),
ceramics,
spark plasma sintering (SPS),
oxidation resistance
Supporting agencies: The research was funded by Russian Science Foundation Grant № 19-79-10280.
About the Authors
V. S. Suvorova
National University of Science and Technology (NUST) «MISIS»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Postgraduate student, Department of powder metallurgy and functional coatings, Engineer of the scientific project of the Science and Research Center (SRC) «Functional nanoceramic»
119049, Russia, Moscow, Leninskiy pr., 4
A. A. Nepapushev
National University of Science and Technology (NUST) «MISIS»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior researcher, SRC «Functional nanoceramic»
Moscow
D. O. Moskovskikh
National University of Science and Technology (NUST) «MISIS»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Director of SRC «Functional nanoceramic»
Moscow
K. V. Kuskov
National University of Science and Technology (NUST) «MISIS»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Research scientis, SRC «Functional nanoceramic»
Moscow
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Review
For citations:
Suvorova V.S., Nepapushev A.A., Moskovskikh D.O., Kuskov K.V. Fabrication and oxidation resistance of the non-stoichiometric tantalum-hafnium carbonitride. Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings (Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional'nye Pokrytiya). 2022;(3):45-54. https://doi.org/10.17073/1997-308X-2022-3-45-54
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