The paper examines factors leading to anisotropy of properties in products manufactured using lasercusing, a technology consisting  in  selective  laser  melting  of  metal  powdered materials.  The results  obtained  when evaluating  mechanical  properties of specimens made of titanium alloys Ti–6Al–4V, VT6 and heat-resistant nickel alloy Inconel 718 in different directions are presented. The study covers the microstructure of compact specimens obtained using selective laser melting, and  describes dependence of their mechanical properties on workpiece orientation with relation to the unit working platform. The study of Ti–6Al–4V microsections showed that  the direction of the rectangular specimen grain structure matched the growth direction, whereas thin elements with a lattice structure were made with other thermal processes due to their smaller cross section. This affected crystallization conditions and  microstructure being formed: grain directions and  shapes changed depending on the lattice structure element inclination.

The paper uses the method of time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TRXRD) and  studies the effect of Mg + 2B mixture heating rate on the dynamics of phase formation during thermal explosion in helium environment. It was shown that  MgB₂  phase occurs with no intermediate compounds formed. The presence of impurity oxygen is a significant factor affecting MgB₂  formation kinetics. There is no sufficient time for oxide film formation on magnesium particle surfaces at the charge mixture heating rate of 150–200 °C/min, and thus Mg + 2B = MgB₂  reaction proceeds by a mechanism of reaction diffusion immediately upon magnesium melting. Synthesis products are mostly  composed of MgB₂  and  traces of MgO at the level of 5 %. The temperature of thermal explosion is 1100 °C. At the heating rate of 30–50 °C/min, a relatively thick oxide layer grows on the magnesium surface, which inhibits melt spreading and shifts the beginning of MgB₂  formation reaction by 8–9  s. Synthesis products contain MgB₂  and  up to 15 % of MgO. The temperature  of thermal explosion is 1020 °C.

The paper  studies  synthesis  of aluminum  oxynitride  (γ-AlON)  under the conditions  of SHS  gas-statting  at  high  pressures (10–100  MPa)  of gaseous nitrogen including the  mode of so-called conjoint combustion reactions (chemical furnaces). It was  shown that  chemical and  phase compositions of combustion products, their structure and  morphology of powder particles depend on the reagent ratio in the initial Al–Al₂O₃ mixture, as well as nitrogen pressure, combustion temperature of high-exothermic components of chemical furnaces, and  type of initial reagents. The structure of γ-AlON powder particles was studied and  its relation to self-propagating high-temperature synthesis conditions was found. It determines the optimum SHS parameters for Al₅O₆N (γ-AlON) synthesis.

The paper presents a novel study of the effect of titanium carbonitride TiC_0,5N_0,5 doping with zirconium on the mechanism and kinetic features of contact interaction with the Ni–25%Mo melt (t = 1450 °C, vacuum 5•10–2 Pa) using the methods of electron microprobe analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It shows the basic effects of a zirconium modifying influence on dissolution, phase and structure formation processes occurring during the interaction between the Ti_1–nZrnC_0,5N_0,5  carbonitride (n = 0,05  and  0,20) and Ni–Mo melt, and  analyzes factors contributing to their occurrence. It was found that  the chemical role of small zirconium additives is similar to the role of nitrogen in many  respects. Experiments confirm the practical absence of zirconium and  nitrogen in the K-phase composition. It was shown that  the Ti_0,80Zr_0,20C_0,5N_0,5  zirconium-rich carbonitride cannot be recommended as a high melting component of a ceramic material (cermet) due to the limitations of a chemical nature.

Based on the theory of acoustic cavitation and  capillary phenomena, the article considers the processes of deagglomeration and wetting of submicron particles in a metal melt under ultrasound exposure. Basic dependences were found that  link the exposure time to the physical and  chemical properties of particles and  melt, and  to acoustic radiation characteristics. Experimental and calculated time values of ultrasonic treatment of aluminum melt containing submicron particles of aluminum oxide were compared, and  the obtained results were found satisfactorily fit.

A gravimetric method was used to study the influence of process temperature (Т) and  duration (τ) on the specific mass variation of nickel and  cobalt specimens during their currentless diffusion saturation with dysprosium in a liquated eutectic mixture of lithium and  potassium chlorides with dysprosium chloride added (5 wt.%). The experimental results allowed to calculate the mathematical dependences Р(τ) for nickel specimens in the temperature range of Т = 773÷973 К at τ = 1÷8 h, and  for cobalt specimens in the temperature range of Т = 873÷973 К at τ = 1÷7 h. Their analysis showed that  the solid-state diffusion is the rate-controlling step of  currentless dysprosium transfer to  Ni and  Co  specimens. The composition of  coating alloys was studied using the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, X-ray microanalyzer, and  scanning microscope. It was found that  under experimental conditions, the coating forming on the nickel substrate surface consists of one structural zone, but when substrate material is cobalt, the coating consists of two structural zones. This is consistent with available literature data on the alloying of similar bimetallic systems.

Al₂O₃–TiO₂-based coating specimens were obtained using the method of oxyfuel gas spraying of a flexible cord. The paper studies the influence of process parameters and  composition of the sprayed material on  the structure, composition and  mechanical properties of coatings. It was shown that the increase in spraying distance and  feed rate of the sprayed material leads to reduction in their density. An increased concentration of the  low-melting TiO₂ component preconditions a decrease in coating porosity and has no significant effect on its hardness. During measuring scratching, the Al₂O₃–TiO₂ flame coatings formed with minimal porosity (porosity ~ 3,2 %) are characterized by cohesive fracture behavior and no substrate break up at the 90 N load applied to the indenter. The studied coatings show changes in their friction factor from  0,2  to 0,78  after 2800 counterbody revolutions (44  m of rubbing path). This is due to accumulated fatigue cracks in the coating material and  its subsequent cohesive fracture through formation of large fragments that serve as an abrasive.

The paper reviews the influence of thermodiffusion copper plating of nickel-chromium stainless steel on the structure and strength properties of its soldered joint with copper. Technology features allow to obtain a functional coating with a developed microrelief which due to its higher roughness contributes to the increase in the solder flowing parameter over contact surfaces of the soldered couple due to the capillary effect. All this contributes to formation of a virtually defect-free solder structure in the soldered seam with a minimal dry joint area at its center, and  makes it possible to obtain higher strength indices and  tear resistance as compared to similar characteristics of a soldered specimen in the copper / copper combination.