The influence of the design of an ejection nozzle on characteristics of highly dispersed aluminum powder in industrial conditions at the LLC «SUAL-PM» enterprise is performed. Measurements of dispersed characteristics of the spray product when spraying the aluminum melt by the ejection nozzle are performed for six variants of modified nozzles. The results of determining the median diameter of particles (d ) and content of a highly dispersed phase (z) (with the particle diameter no larger than 10 μm) in the spray product are presented. It is shown that the most efficient method of modifying the spray nozzle is profiling the cone part of a protective bush and imposition of ultrasonic vibrations on a nozzle case (a decrease in d m  by ~31,6 % and an increase in z by ~8,5 %).

The results of the development of the facility for mechanical plating by their collision during the oscillatory motion. Experimental plating is performed in Fe–Al and Fe–Cu systems. Considerable influence of mechanical properties of plated metals on plating quality and intensity as well as the influence of the penetration depth of the plastic deformation on parameters of the intermediate layer are shown.

The influence of a metallic nickel-based binder on the structure and properties of the (Ti, Nb)C ceramic material is investigated. The samples are fabricated by technology of SHS forced compaction with the subsequent thermal treatment in a vacuum furnace at 850 °C for 1 h. The composition and structure of fabricated samples are investigated by XPA, SEM, and EDS. Supersaturated solid solutions based on  carbide (Ti, Nb)C decompose after annealing with the formation of nanodimensional phases NbCo NbAl in a binder. The β-(Ti, Nb) solid solution is a dispersed phase at a low binder content (5 %), and the (Cr, Al) solid solution—at 20 %. Properties of fabricated materials such as density, porosity, hardness, strength, and heat resistance are determined. A binder decreases the  material porosity from 9 to 2 %, which increases the mechanical properties and heat resistance. The dispersion-hardened material of the  Ti–Nb–C system with binder contents of 20 and 30 % is recommended for the application as a constructive and functional ceramics. 

Regularities of dissolution, phase formation, and  structure formation, which are implemented in conditions of the contact interaction of titanium carbide of various compositions with Ni and  Ni–(5÷25 %)Mo melts are investigated. It is established for the first time that the dissolution of carbide TiCx in nickel-based melts is incongruent: carbon preferentially transfers into the melt at x ≥ 0,9 and  titanium at x ≤ 0,8.  The limiting stage of dissolution is atomic diffusion of metal in the liquid phase. Regularities of the formation of Ti1–nMonCx carbide (C-phase)—the main contact interaction product in the TiC/Ni–Mo system—are revealed. It is established that  the C-phase in conditions of the relative excess of the Ni–Mo melt is formed preferentially by the dissolution–isolation mechanism, while in its lack (in impregnation conditions of a carbide massif)—by the dissolution–precipitation mechanism. The composition of autonomous isola- tion of the C-phase depending on the experimental conditions (1450 °C, 0,5–25 h) varies in limits from  Ti0,4Mo0,6C0,7 (а = 4,27  Å) to Ti0,7Mo0,3C0,6 (а = 4,29  Å). The composition at the unsteady dissolution stage is determined by the molybdenum concentration in the melt and  at the steady dissolution stage—by the ratio of titanium and  molybdenum concentrations in the melt.

Titanium–aluminum composite materials are investigated by metallography, electron scanning microscopy, and  X-ray diffractometry. They are fabricated by uniaxial compaction of a mixture of powders of titanium (PTM-1) and  aluminum (PA-4) at a pressure of 520 MPa with the subsequent solid-phase sintering in air at 600 °C. The aluminum concentration varied from 5 to 50 wt.%.

A method for computing effective elastic moduli of porous composite materials is described. Its distinctive feature is in the calculation of elastic moduli of the composite solid phase through efficient volumes of averaging deformations of the solid phase and  its components. The results of calculation of the macroscopic Young modulus of porous composites are in good agreement with the experimental data.

The experimental data on the influence of irradiation by heavy-current pulsed beams (HPEBs) on physicochemical state of surface layers and  operational properties of gas-turbine engines made of heat-resistant materials are analyzed. It is shown that  the HPEB of the microsecond duration is a highly efficient tool for modifying the surface of blades of the turbine and  compressor, which provides the performance of high-speed thermal treatment (quenching), material recrystallization in surface layers of 20–30 μm, and  surface cleaning and smoothing. These processes cause an increase in fatigue strength of blades (by 10–30 %), heat resistance (by a factor of 2–3), and  resistance against salt corrosion (up to sixfold).

Aluminum–zinc coatings on steel samples fabricated using the subsonic and  supersonic low-temperature plasma are investigated. Powders of aluminum, zinc, aluminum–zinc, nickel–aluminum, and  nickel–titanium are selected as the deposited material. The ex- perimental data on measurements of cohesion strength of the coating with the substrate, its porosity, hardness, and  microhardness are presented. It is shown that  the coating structure has high degree of dispersity, which determines a complex of service properties. The results of studying the physicochemical properties of coatings deposited at various deposition rates of powder materials evidence that the main factor responsible for the coating quality is the flight velocity of the particles.

Titanium aluminides (TiAl3, TiAl, Ti3Al) fabricated by powder  metallurgy are used as alloying electrodes for the formation of electrospark coatings. Intermetallic coatings are deposited on steel substrates in the argon  or nitrogen medium. The microstructure and composition of fabricated  coatings  are  investigated  by scanning  electron  microscopy,  X-ray  structural  analysis,  and  electron  probe microanalysis. It is established that  initial phases of Ti–Al intermetallic compounds are  present in fabricated coatings, but the  ratio between Ti and  Al concentrations shifts towards aluminum compared with the stoichiometric one.  When depositing titanium aluminides in nitrogen, titanium nitride is additionally formed  in surface layers. Thermal and  tribotechnical tests showed that  the  Ti3Al coating deposited in nitrogen possesses high wear resistance and heat resistance.

A procedure increasing the accuracy of determining the delamination coefficient of coatings and  simplifying the investigation into the  adhesion  strength of ion-vacuum coatings is considered.  When developing  the deposition  technology,  determining  the thick- ness, and  correcting the coating composition, the method of determining the surface area of coating delamination from  the base after diamond indentation using a Rockwell hardness meter at a load of 150 kgf is simplest and  most efficient. The method is based on the DIN German-VDI 3198  German Standard for CVD and  PVD coatings. A procedure for calculating the surface area of coating delamination after indentation using Adobe Photoshop CS3  and  kaloSOFT Version 3.54e is presented. A correlation of the delamination coefficient with the adhesion strength of the TiN coating with the WC base is revealed.

The experimental results on the fabrication of zinc coatings during high-temperature hot-dip zinc-plating the samples made of steel 09G2S are presented. Coating microstructure and  phase composition are investigated by scanning electron microscopy and  energy dispersive electron probe microanalysis. It is established that  the coating thickness decreases at zinc-plating temperatures of 535–565  °C and  reaches the minimum at 555  °C. The ratio of phases in coating at various temperatures is analyzed. It is noted that  the coating thickness is minimal when its phase composition does not contain pure ζ-phase. Recommendations for selecting the process temperature of steel with a high silicon content are given.

Characteristics of wear  resistance of electrospark coatings deposited using the  electrode material made of electroerosion powders of high-speed steel are analyzed. Electrodes for electrospark alloying are fabricated by hot compaction (with the  passage of a high- amperage current in vacuum at 950  °C for 3 min) of the powder fabricated by electroerosion dispersing of waste of high-speed steel R6M5.  Electrospark coatings with the application of these electrodes were formed on the samples made of steel 30KhGSA using an UR-121 installation. The friction coefficient and  wear rate of the sample surface and  counterbody were measured using a computer- aided automated friction machine «Tribometer» (CSM Instrument, Switzerland) according to the standard «ball–drive» testing layout.